布宁俄国时期小说中的乡村主题

发布时间：2018-03-30 14:03

本文选题：贵族乡村　切入点：庄稼汉乡村　出处：《哈尔滨师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：伊·阿·布宁是俄国“白银时代最后一位经典作家”,第一位诺贝尔文学奖获得者,集诗人、小说家、翻译家于一身的伟大作家,俄国侨民文学的重要代表人物之一。他的创作可分为俄国时期和侨民时期,一生共创作了中短篇小说300多部,其中多以爱情题材和乡村题材为主,仅俄国时期乡村题就有数十篇,因此他又被称为“一位乡土作家”。布宁小说的诸多审美价值一直不断地吸引着国内外众多学者,但大多学者限于对布宁小说中的生与死、爱情、人与自然等永恒主题,以及宗教伦理、创作方法等方面的研究,而对其小说的乡村主题,从整体、发展的角度进行阐述的成果尚不多见,也不够深刻,对作家笔下关于乡村的和谐与失谐主题的辩证审视,即作家关于宗法制传统的贵族乡村与走向衰败、死亡、末日的庄稼汉乡村的对立描写艺术也很少有人触及。为此,我们以布宁俄国时期小说创作为研究对象,参考国内外已有相关研究成果,对其小说的乡村主题进行具体的、深入的分析和阐释。全文分为绪论、主体部分的三章、结语以及参考文献。第一章绪论,提出了本文研究的主要问题,概述、评价了国内外对该问题的主要研究现状,指出意义、思路和方法。第二章,从作家出身、生平经历,同时代作家对布宁影响这三个方面,探讨了布宁小说乡村主题形成的原因。第三章,以《安东诺夫卡苹果》、《苏霍多尔》、《末日》为例,揭示了布宁对贵族乡村从鼎盛到衰落直到灭亡,即从和谐到失谐的动态的辩证观照。第四章,以《达尼卡》、《新路》、《乡村》为例,从情感、生态、衰亡三个方面,阐释了布宁对从充满温情、生态遭到破坏到走向死亡的庄稼汉乡村的审美变化。第五章,以《安东诺夫卡苹果》、《乡村》、《快乐农家》为例,通过对《安东诺夫卡苹果》中的孩子与老人、《乡村》中的库奇马与季洪、《快乐农家》中的圣徒与“死魂灵”等农民形象的分析,表达了作家对宗法制传统生活下农民美好的品质的肯定和对现代乡村生活下道德缺失的农民的批判态度。在结语中,简要地总结了全文研究内容,得出布宁对和谐贵族乡村的逝去的惋惜和对失谐庄稼汉乡村的批判的结论,并指出研究此课题的价值和意义。
[Abstract]:Yi A. Bunin is Russia's "last classical writer of the silver era", the first Nobel Prize winner in literature, a poet, novelist, translator in one great writer, One of the most important figures in Russian diaspora literature, his works can be divided into the Russian period and the diaspora period. In his life, he created more than 300 short stories, most of which were mainly about love and the countryside. There were dozens of rural questions in Russia alone, so he was also called a native writer. The aesthetic value of Bunin's novels has been attracting many scholars at home and abroad, but most of them are limited to the eternal themes of life and death, love, man and nature, as well as religious ethics and creative methods in Bunin's novels. But the country theme of his novel, from the whole, the development angle to carry on the elaboration achievement not to see, also is not deep enough, to the writer's work about the country harmony and the detuning theme dialectical examination, That is to say, the writers about the patriarchal tradition of the aristocratic countryside and toward the decline, death, apocalyptic peasant village opposition description art is rarely touched. Therefore, we take the novel creation of Bunin Russian period as the research object. Referring to the related research results at home and abroad, the country theme of his novel is analyzed and explained in detail. The full text is divided into introduction, three chapters of the main part, conclusion and references. In the first chapter, the main problems of this paper are put forward, the main research status at home and abroad is evaluated, and the significance, ideas and methods are pointed out. In the second chapter, the author's background, life experience and contemporary writer's influence on Bunin are discussed, and the reasons for the formation of Bunin's country theme are discussed. The third chapter, taking Antonovka apple, Sukhodor, doomsday as an example, reveals Bunin's dialectical reflection on the dynamic of the aristocratic countryside from its peak to decline to its extinction, from harmony to disharmony. The fourth chapter, taking Danica, New Road and country as an example, explains the aesthetic changes of Bunin's country from three aspects: emotion, ecology and decline. In the fifth chapter, take "Antonovka Apple", "country", "Happy Farmers" as an example, By analyzing the images of children and old people in Antonovka apples, Kuchma and Jihong in Village, Saints and Dead Souls in Happy Farmers, It expresses the writer's affirmation of the fine quality of peasants in the traditional life of patriarchal system and his critical attitude towards the peasants who lack morality in modern rural life. In the conclusion, the author summarizes the research contents of this paper, and draws the conclusion of Bunin's regret for the passing away of harmonious aristocratic villages and his criticism of detuning peasant villages, and points out the value and significance of studying this subject.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I512.074

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