从生态批评的视角解读《新生》

发布时间：2018-03-30 14:49

本文选题：戈迪默　切入点：《新生》　出处：《华侨大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳丁·戈迪默(1923-)曾不顾政府施压，在作品中大胆揭露种族隔离制度的黑暗，为遭受不平等待遇的黑人同胞鸣不平，并声明其反种族隔离的立场。因此，她常被称为“公共知识分子”与“种族隔离下的良心”。令人意想不到的是，在种族隔离制度结束后，戈迪默却对当时出现的社会矛盾保持了沉默。她后种族隔离时期的作品，包括本论文将要解读的小说——《新生》不再像过去一样直接揭露当代社会矛盾，而是聚焦于公众的个人责任与选择。所以，有一些学者对戈迪默社会良心的角色提出质疑，甚至讽刺性地称她为“合法知识分子”。目前，国内尚未出现关于戈迪默新作——《新生》的硕士论文，也没有学者从生态批评视角解读这部小说。本论文将对《新生》进行生态批评解读，试图探析戈迪默的生态关怀，，以证明戈迪默社会良心的角色不曾改变。《新生》里的故事发生在后种族隔离时期的南非。在这一时期，经济发展成为人类毁坏自然环境的借口，人类无视当前环境现状，拒绝承担环境保护的职责。《新生》这部小说通过展示人类目前面临的生态危机，即自然生态危机、社会生态危机与精神生态危机，揭示了戈迪默的生态哲学思想。戈迪默认为生态系统内部每个部分是相互联系的，而人类只是这个相互联系的系统中的一部分。她批判人类中心主义思想，认为人类必须重新审视自己在整个生态系统中的角色，并树立生态责任意识。此外，《新生》揭示了人类应该如何维持整个生态系统的平衡与稳定，这也透露出戈迪默宝贵的生态智慧，以及她对南非未来的美好期待。从生态批评理论的视角解读《新生》，我们能够更清楚地看到戈迪默对南非现状的深深忧虑，并有理由相信即便在后种族隔离时期，戈迪默“社会良心”的角色不曾改变。她始终是一位对自己的祖国和人民抱有高度责任感的作家。
[Abstract]:In spite of government pressure, Nadine Gordimer bravely exposed the darkness of the apartheid system, complained about the unequal treatment of his black compatriots, and declared his anti-apartheid position... She was often referred to as "public intellectuals" and "conscience under apartheid." surprisingly, after apartheid ended, Gordimer remained silent about the social contradictions that had arisen at the time. The novel, "New Life", which will be interpreted in this paper, no longer directly exposes contemporary social contradictions as in the past, but rather focuses on the individual responsibility and choice of the public. Therefore, some scholars question the role of Gordimer's social conscience. Even sarcastically she was called a "legitimate intellectual". At present, there has not been a master's thesis about Gordimer's new work, "freshman", nor has any scholar interpreted the novel from the perspective of ecological criticism. This thesis will make an ecological critical interpretation of "New Life" in an attempt to explore Gordimer's ecological concern. To prove that the role of Gordimer's social conscience has not changed. The story in "New Life" takes place in post-apartheid South Africa, when economic development became an excuse for human beings to destroy the natural environment, and humanity ignores the current state of the environment, Refusing to take on the responsibility of Environmental Protection. The novel shows the ecological crisis that mankind is currently facing, namely, the natural ecological crisis, the social ecological crisis and the spiritual ecological crisis. Reveals Gordimer's ecological philosophy. Gordimer thinks that every part of the ecosystem is interrelated, and that humans are just part of this interconnected system. She criticizes anthropocentrism. It is believed that human beings must re-examine their role in the entire ecosystem and establish a sense of ecological responsibility. In addition, "New Life" reveals how human beings should maintain the balance and stability of the entire ecosystem. This also reveals Gordimer's valuable ecological wisdom and her good expectations for the future of South Africa. Reading "New Life" from the perspective of ecological criticism theory, we can see more clearly Gordimer's deep concern about the status quo in South Africa. And there is reason to believe that even in the post-apartheid era, Gordimer's role in "social conscience" has not changed. She has always been a writer with a high sense of responsibility for her country and people.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I478.074

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