论《天黑前的夏天》中的都市空间和女性身份

发布时间：2018-04-10 13:27

本文选题：多丽丝·莱辛 + 《天黑前的夏天》　；参考：《河南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：多丽丝·莱辛(1919-)是英国文坛杰出的女性作家，被认为继弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫之后最伟大的女作家，享有“心灵工程师”的美誉。无论是她的长篇小说还是短篇小说，城市都是小说的重要社会背景，尤其是伦敦。都市问题一直是莱辛小说关注的重点。出版于1973年的小说《天黑前的夏天》是莱辛最畅销的作品之一。这部小说讲述了一个中年女性在某一个夏天从家庭出走又回归家庭的人生经历。凯特布朗，或布朗夫人是中年女性的代表，家庭空间的丧失唤醒了她压抑的自我意识，因此开始了寻找真实自我之旅。国内外的批评学者大多是从女性主义，心理分析和叙事学的角度来研究《天黑前的夏天》，但忽略了空间因素对于小说中人物命运的关键作用。主人公凯特在夏日被迫离家、暂时工作、和情人旅行等一系列遭遇都与空间有着密不可分的关系。在女性主义基础上，本论文试图从空间的视角对《天黑前的夏天》进行重新解读。法国哲学家亨利·列斐伏尔是空间研究的先驱，他的《空间的生产》（1974）开启了文化研究的“空间转向”，都市空间成为人们反思现代性的一个角度。从都市空间理论的视角对莱辛的都市书写进行综合分析和研究，可以揭示莱辛都市书写的独特魅力，并提供一种新的解读莱辛作品的方式。本文通过剖析社会对女性生存空间的禁锢，进而揭示中年女性遭遇身份危机的根本原因以及探寻女性自我身份建构的途径。论文主要分为三部分。第一部分为引言，主要包括介绍国内外学者对多丽丝·莱辛及其作品《天黑前的夏天》的研究现状、本论文的研究动机和研究目的、研究问题、主要的研究方法以及论文的结构。第二部分是论文的主体部分，包括三个章节。第一章阐述空间理论的发展和内涵，其中包括空间理论的奠基人列ZS伏尔和他的空间生产理论，福柯和他的权力空间理论以及女性主义地理学。进而阐释空间理论对于研究《天黑前的夏天》的可行性；第二章将从家庭空间、郊区、消费空间以及公共空间四个方面来分析女性的社会空间，从宏观的角度来分析造成主人公凯特身份和精神危机的根本原因；第三章是对文本的细读，跟随主人公的脚步在不同的都市空间中进行身份的穿梭，，并通过梦境空间和记忆空间来寻找真实的自我。第三部分为结论部分。指出空间对于现代女性身份的建构和塑造有着至关重要的作用，父权社会通过禁锢女性生存空间来实现男性对女性的统治，女性需要有自觉性去拓展自己的生活空间来建构自我身份。
[Abstract]:Doris Lessing (1919-1919) is an outstanding female writer in English literature, and is regarded as the greatest female writer after Virginia Woolf, enjoying the reputation of "spiritual engineer".Both her novels and short stories, the city is an important social background of the novel, especially London.Urban issues have always been the focus of Lessing's novels.The 1973 novel Summer before dark is one of Lessing's best-selling works.The novel tells the story of a middle-aged woman who left home and returned to her family one summer.Kate Brown, or Mrs Brown, is a representative of middle-aged women, and the loss of family space awakens her repressed sense of self and begins the search for her true self.Most critics at home and abroad study Summer before dark from the perspectives of feminism, psychoanalysis and narratology, but ignore the key role of spatial factors in the fate of characters in the novel.Kate, the protagonist, is forced to leave home in summer, work temporarily, travel with lovers and a series of encounters are closely related to space.On the basis of feminism, this thesis attempts to reinterpret Summer before dark from a spatial perspective.The French philosopher Henry Lefefort was a pioneer in space research. His production of Space (1974) opened the "space turn" of cultural research, and urban space became an angle for people to reflect on modernity.The comprehensive analysis and research on Lessing's urban writing from the perspective of urban space theory can reveal the unique charm of Lessing's urban writing and provide a new way to interpret Lessing's works.By analyzing the social imprisonment of women's living space, this paper reveals the fundamental causes of the identity crisis encountered by middle-aged women and explores the ways to construct their own identity.The paper is divided into three parts.The first part is the introduction, which mainly introduces the current research situation of Doris Lessing and her works "Summer before dark", the motivation and purpose of this paper, and the research problems.The main research methods and the structure of the paper.The second part is the main part of the paper, including three chapters.The first chapter describes the development and connotation of space theory, including ZS Volt, the founder of space theory, and his theory of space production, Foucault and his theory of power space, and feminist geography.The second chapter will analyze the social space of women from four aspects: family space, suburb, consumer space and public space.From a macro point of view, the author analyzes the root causes of the heroine Kate's identity and spiritual crisis; the third chapter is a detailed reading of the text, following the protagonist's footsteps in different urban space for identity shuttle.And through the dream space and memory space to find the true self.The third part is the conclusion.It is pointed out that space plays an important role in the construction and shaping of modern women's identity, and that the patriarchal society can realize male domination over women by confining the living space of women.Women need to be conscious to expand their living space to build their identity.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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