再铸心灵的神谕-《美国牧歌》的神话原型解读

发布时间：2018-05-07 02:02

本文选题：原型 + 主题　；参考：《华北电力大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：菲利普·罗斯已经成为继索尔·贝娄和伯纳德?马拉默之后,最具影响力的美国犹太作家之一。由于罗斯对美国犹太移民及对整个美国社会的深切关注,使得他的作品在当代美国读者中广受赞誉。此外,罗斯对困扰当代人普遍的问题的深入探讨使得他对美国文学产生了重要影响。作为罗斯“美国三部曲”的第一部,《美国牧歌》的问世,不仅使罗斯因此荣获1998年美国普利策文学奖,也使罗斯接近了“最伟大美国小说”的顶峰。自其出版以来,《美国牧歌》已经吸引了大量的文学评论。评论家主要从犹太身份、美国梦的破灭以及利沃夫一家悲剧的深层原因等来解读这部作品。本篇论文试图从神话原型批评的角度来解读罗斯的《美国牧歌》。本论文由五个章节组成。第一章简要介绍罗斯及其代表作《美国牧歌》,重点分析其独特的主题与写作技巧;之后是国内外的文献综述,最后重点强调原型的定义及其发展的历程。第二章主要分析小说中所体现的追寻母题和“父与子”的母题。借助于神话的移位,罗斯不仅呈现出了在不同时代不同代际的人的多样性追寻,同时也尖锐地指出了在这一追寻过程中所产生的矛盾与困境。第三章主要分析了小说中反复出现的原型意象。通过天启类的意象,读者可以看到主人公终其一生所追求的天堂般的牧歌生活;而透过魔怪类的意象,读者看到的却是绝望的痛苦与折磨:个人的阴郁、畸形的两性关系以及巨大的社会破坏力。第四章主要阐释了小说所应用的喜剧与悲剧相结合的原型结构。喜剧性叙事因素同悲剧叙事因素的结合在使零碎的情节形成更加完整的结构中发挥了重要的作用。最后论文得出结论,通过在《美国牧歌》中多种原型的使用,罗斯不仅展现了他独具匠心的艺术创作才能,同时更加深了小说的主题与普遍性意义。对小说的神话原型解读有助于读者获取更多的心灵启迪与慰藉。它让人们懂得爱与恨,追寻与困惑,希望与失望,喜剧与悲剧自人类产生以来就一直存在。而在急功近利的今天,更应心怀一份直面人生的勇气与坦然。
[Abstract]:Philip Ross has become the successor to Saul Bellow and Bernard? After Malamer, one of the most influential American Jewish writers. Because of his deep concern for Jewish immigrants in the United States and for American society as a whole, his works are widely praised among contemporary American readers. In addition, Ross's in-depth study of the problems that beset contemporary people made him an important influence on American literature. As the first part of Ross's American Trilogy, the publication of American Shepherd not only won Ross the Pulitzer Prize in 1998, but also brought Ross close to the peak of the greatest American novel. Since its publication, American Shepherd has attracted a lot of literary criticism. Critics interpret the novel mainly from its Jewish identity, the disillusionment of the American dream and the deep causes of the Lviv family tragedy. This paper attempts to interpret Ross's American Shepherd from the perspective of mythological archetypal criticism. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter briefly introduces Ross and his masterpiece, American Shepherd, focusing on its unique theme and writing skills, followed by a literature review at home and abroad, with emphasis on the definition of archetype and its development. The second chapter mainly analyzes the motif of pursuit and the motif of Father and son embodied in the novel. With the help of the shift of mythology, Ross not only presents the pursuit of diversity among different generations in different times, but also points out sharply the contradictions and dilemmas in the process of this pursuit. The third chapter mainly analyzes the archetypal image that appears repeatedly in the novel. Through the images of the apocalypse, the reader can see the herding life of heaven which the protagonist pursues all his life, but through the image of the devil, what the reader sees is the pain and torment of despair: the melancholy of the individual, Deformities of gender relations and enormous social destructive power. Chapter four mainly explains the archetypal structure of the combination of comedy and tragedy. The combination of comic narrative factors and tragic narrative factors plays an important role in the formation of a more complete structure of the piecemeal plot. Finally, the paper concludes that through the use of various archetypes in American Pastoral, Ross not only shows his unique artistic ability, but also deepens the theme and universality of the novel. The mythological archetypal interpretation of the novel helps readers to gain more spiritual enlightenment and comfort. It allows people to understand love and hate, pursuit and confusion, hope and disappointment, comedy and tragedy has existed since the creation of mankind. And in the immediate interest of today, should have a direct face to life's courage and calm.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I712.074

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