光明与希望的昭示——关于《恶棍来访》和《自由》的圆满结局

发布时间：2018-05-21 13:58

本文选题：《恶棍来访》 + 《自由》　；参考：《东岳论丛》2015年07期

【摘要】：近几年获得普利策奖的小说,在人物命运的走向上,有着某种隐秘的共性,也可以说代表着美国文学的特性,那就是小说中对于光明与希望的昭示。在《恶棍来访》中,作者想让我们看到,时间是一条恶棍,但同时,它也帮我们治愈了病痛;时间是一条恶棍,可是我们能够打败它,也许只有一次短暂的小规模的胜利,可是它的确会发生。《自由》的作者弗兰岑相信家庭的稳定才是幸福的基础。在小说中,作者的这一信念左右着人物的命运,形成一种强劲的干扰。所以到了故事的最后,弗兰岑把男女主人公从深陷的泥潭中遽然拔出,重新安置在美国中产阶级美好的样板间里。作者那么费力地拆散他们,似乎只是想给他们一个教训,一旦他们认识到自己所犯的错,就会得到宽恕,失去的东西也将复得。这个有失真诚的圆满结局,很难令人信服。这当然不是为了取悦读者而为之,而是由连作者自己也无法违逆的世界观和审美取向所决定的。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the novels that won the Pulitzer Prize have some secret generality in the direction of the fate of the characters, which can be said to represent the characteristics of American literature, that is, the revelation of light and hope in the novels. In visiting the villain, the author wants us to see that time is a villain, but at the same time, it heals our illness; time is a villain, but we can defeat it, perhaps only a short, small victory. But it does happen. Franzen, author of Freedom, believes that family stability is the foundation of happiness. In the novel, the author's belief determines the fate of the characters, forming a strong disturbance. So at the end of the story, Franzen pulls the hero out of the deep quagmire and resets him in the beautiful middle class of America. The author tries so hard to break them up, as if to teach them a lesson that, once they realize their mistakes, they will be forgiven and what they have lost will be restored. This disingenuous happy ending is hardly convincing. This, of course, is not intended to please the reader, but is determined by the author's own indefensible worldview and aesthetic orientation.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学文学院;
【分类号】：I712.074

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