论《小世界》的狂欢化特征

发布时间：2018-05-22 17:41

本文选题：戴维·洛奇 + 《小世界》　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：《小世界》是英国作家戴维·洛奇的学院派小说代表作之一,于1984年出版。小说一经出版便得到了大西洋两岸学者的关注,并且取得许多荣誉：英国惠布瑞特小说奖、年度小说奖以及英国文学界最高奖布克奖。《小世界》于上世纪80年代末和90年代初被引进中国,随即引发了中国学者的研究兴趣。本文应用巴赫金的狂欢化诗学理论分析《小世界》中的狂欢化特征。《小世界》无论从语言和内容上都体现了巴赫金在《陀思妥耶夫斯基诗学问题》中所阐述的狂欢精神。本文从狂欢化语言特征、狂欢场景以及狂欢精神三方面论述《小世界》的狂欢化特征。本文主要分为三个部分。第一部分引言主要介绍巴赫金的狂欢化理论、作者戴维·洛奇以及《小世界》。接着引入文献综述,初步建立起小世界与狂欢化的联系。第二部分是主体部分,主要分为三个章节。第一章着重分析《小世界》中的狂欢化语言特征。狂欢化的语言是一种幽默的语言,同时又带有一些低俗的词语,使人发笑,主要体现在三个方面：粗俗化、戏仿和反讽。第二章对小说中的狂欢场景,包括狂欢广场、加冕和脱冕进行分析。在狂欢文学中,广场是情节发展的场所,狂欢化的生活离不开广场。透过现实的广场,可以看到一个充满了随意亲密交流和加冕脱冕的狂欢广场。在《小世界》中,各种学术会议和加冕脱冕是狂欢场景不可分割的一部分。小说中的三个狂欢广场和两个仪式会在这章中得到论述。第三章是对《小世界》中蕴含的狂欢精神进行解读。巴赫金认为狂欢精神感受包含交替与更新精神和死亡与新生精神,这些精神同时也是加冕和脱冕的基础。在狂欢节上,每个人都是平等的,处处蕴含着颠覆与更新的狂欢精神。在《小世界》中,不同学者之间的对话表明文化多元已成为批评理论繁荣的基本条件。论文最后一部分是结论,对全文的观点进行概括,并指出从狂欢这一角度研究《小世界》的现实意义。运用巴赫金的狂欢化诗学理论研究《小世界》颇具挑战性,但很有意义。该研究为《小世界》这一文本的研究提供了一个较新的视角,有助于读者发掘洛奇的狂欢化世界感受。
[Abstract]:Small World is one of the masterpieces of academic novels by British writer David Lodge, which was published in 1984. Once published, the novel has attracted the attention of scholars on both sides of the Atlantic and won many honors: the British Britt Fiction Prize. The novel of the year and the Booker Prize of the highest prize in British literature. Small World was introduced into China in the late 1980s and early 1990s, which immediately aroused the interest of Chinese scholars. This paper applies Bakhtin's carnival poetics theory to analyze the carnival characteristics in small World. < small World > embodies the carnival spirit elaborated by Bakhtin in Dostoevsky's Poetics in terms of language and content. This paper discusses the carnival characteristics of small World from three aspects: carnival language characteristics, carnival scenes and carnival spirit. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part introduces Bakhtin's carnival theory, the author David Lodge and the small World. Then literature review is introduced to establish the relationship between small world and carnival. The second part is the main part, mainly divided into three chapters. Chapter one focuses on the characteristics of carnival language in small World. Carnival language is a kind of humorous language with some vulgar words and expressions which make people laugh mainly in three aspects: vulgarization parody and irony. The second chapter analyzes the carnival scenes in the novel, including carnival square, coronation and de-coronation. In carnival literature, the square is the place where the plot develops, and the carnival life is inseparable from the square. Through the real square, we can see a carnival square full of casual intimate communication and coronation. In small World, academic conferences and coronation are an integral part of the carnival scene. The three carnival squares and two ceremonies in the novel will be discussed in this chapter. The third chapter is the interpretation of the carnival spirit contained in the small World. Bakhtin believes that carnival spirit includes alternate and renewed spirit and death and new spirit, which are also the basis of coronation and de-coronation. In Carnival, everyone is equal, everywhere contains the spirit of subversion and renewal of carnival. In small World, the dialogue between different scholars shows that cultural pluralism has become the basic condition for the prosperity of critical theory. The last part of the paper is the conclusion, summarizes the viewpoint of the whole paper, and points out the realistic significance of studying small World from the angle of carnival. The study of small World by Bakhtin's Carnival Poetics is challenging but meaningful. The study provides a new perspective for the study of small World, and helps readers explore Rocky's experience of carnival world.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

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