从概念整合理论角度分析《第二十二条军规》修辞手法体现的黑色幽默

发布时间：2018-05-23 12:00

本文选题：概念整合 + 心理空间　；参考：《广西民族大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：“黑色幽默”是一种用喜剧形式表现悲剧内容的文学表现方法。“黑色”代表死亡，是可怕滑稽的现实，“幽默”是个体对这种现实中丑陋事物的嘲讽态度。黑色与幽默的并置使严肃悲伤的死亡、战争等成了调侃的对象，使读者放声大笑后感受到深深绝望和恐惧，从而达到“绝望的喜剧”效果。作为最卓越的黑色幽默小说家之一，乔瑟夫海勒于1961年发表了《第二十二条军规》，自此便从美国文坛脱颖而出。海勒尤其擅长通过“文字游戏”进行黑色幽默的创作，而这种文字游戏的主要表现方式就是多种修辞技巧的灵活应用。概念整合理论是1997年福柯尼耶和特纳在“心智空间”理论的基础上提出的，它对意义的构建和理解具有普遍的指导性，是第二代认知科学的新发展。本文旨在运用概念整合理论，对《第二十二条军规》中黑色幽默的产生过程进行认知解读，从而帮助读者更好地理解这种独特的文学现象。为了进一步明确黑色幽默的整合过程，本文首先介绍了概念整合理论的运作机制，分析了整合是如何完成以及意义在头脑中是如何构建的过程。然后总结了海勒通过各种修辞手法在《第二十二条军规》中呈现出的黑色幽默效果，并通过整合网络（包括类属空间、跨域映射、选择性投射、合成空间以及由组合、完善和精细化而形成的层创结构），对这种由恐怖与滑稽组合而成的“变态的喜剧”进行了详细论述。通过对小说修辞层面黑色幽默的认知解读，本文进一步证实了该理论对文学层面认知操作的强大解释力，，同时也为读者理解和欣赏黑色幽默文学作品提供了新的视角。
[Abstract]:Black humor is a kind of literary expression of tragic content in the form of comedy. Black represents death and is a terrible and funny reality. Humor is an individual's sarcastic attitude towards ugly things in this reality. The juxtaposition of black and humor makes the death of serious sorrow and war the object of ridicule, which makes the reader feel deep despair and fear after laughing loudly, thus achieving the effect of "desperate comedy". As one of the most prominent black humor novelists, Joseph Heller published the 22 Army Rule in 1961, and has since distinguished himself from the American literary scene. Heller is especially good at the creation of black humor through word games, the main expression of which is the flexible application of various rhetorical techniques. Conceptual integration theory was put forward by Fokonier and Turner in 1997 on the basis of the theory of "mental space". It has universal guidance on the construction and understanding of meaning, and it is a new development of the second generation cognitive science. The purpose of this paper is to use the theory of conceptual integration to make a cognitive interpretation of the process of producing black humor in "Article 22", so as to help readers better understand this unique literary phenomenon. In order to further clarify the integration process of black humor, this paper first introduces the operational mechanism of conceptual integration theory, analyzes how integration is completed and how meaning is constructed in the mind. Then it summarizes the black humor effect Heller presents in Article 22 through various rhetorical devices, and integrates the network (including generic space, cross-domain mapping, selective projection, composite space and combination). This kind of "abnormal comedy" formed by the combination of terror and antics is discussed in detail. Through the cognitive interpretation of black humor on the rhetorical level of the novel, this paper further confirms the powerful explanatory power of the theory to the cognitive manipulation of literary level, and at the same time provides a new perspective for readers to understand and appreciate black humor literary works.
【学位授予单位】：广西民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：H315;I712.074

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