从文学伦理学角度解读哈金的《等待》

发布时间：2018-05-23 19:40

本文选题：《等待》 + 文学伦理学　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,华裔美国作家哈金以其高产量高质量的作品受到了海内外文学界的关注。他在美国主流文坛上获奖之多,在美国乃至在海外华裔作家中无人出其右。但是,因为他是用英文创作,虽然哈金在美国主流读书界赢得好评如潮,但中国读者对他反而比较陌生。直到1999年底,他以长篇小说《等待》夺得第50届美国国家图书奖后,哈金本人及其作品才吸引越来越多国人的注目。这是华裔作家第一次,也是惟一一次荣膺美国此项图书大奖桂冠。该小说的成功不是偶然的。在小说中,哈金用其质朴却富有哲理意蕴的语言构造了一个充满痛苦与挣扎的世界。小说通过构建一个发生在旧中国灭亡后新中国建立初期的离婚案件,成功地揭示出了特殊时期人们伦理世界的混乱与冲突。本论文试图从文学伦理学批评的视角来分析这部小说,以揭示出作品中超越时空而体现的普遍性的伦理问题。因为小说主要围绕一个离婚案件展开,所以本论文从家庭伦理入手,逐步分析探讨了其中存在的婚姻伦理,亲子伦理以及性伦理的主题。论文共分为五个部分。引言部分不仅包括了对作家及其作品的介绍,本选题的国内外研究现状而且简要提及了文学批评领域的一个新走向—文学伦理学批评。第二章通过对三个主人公婚姻生活的分析,探讨了夫妻双方在不同时期的伦理现实。第三章将重点转移至亲子之间的伦理,强调了不同时期亲子伦理的发展变化。第四章则从传统伦理观点出发,分析了小说中出现的性伦理话题,并进一步分析了导致小说主人公悲剧命运的历史以及文化因素。通过以上分析,笔者得出结论：小说所描述人物之间的矛盾冲突痛苦以及挣扎皆是源自于特殊历史时期的新旧伦理冲突。
[Abstract]:In recent years, Chinese-American writer Harkin has attracted the attention of literary circles at home and abroad for his high-yield and high-quality works. He won many prizes in mainstream American literature, no one in the United States and even in overseas Chinese writing home. However, because he works in English, although Harkin has won a lot of praise in mainstream reading circles in the United States, Chinese readers are rather unfamiliar to him. It was not until the end of 1999, after he won the 50th National Book Award in his novel waiting, that Harkin himself and his works attracted more and more Chinese attention. This is the first and only time that Chinese writers have won the title of the American Book Award. The success of the novel is no accident. In the novel, Harkin constructs a world full of pain and struggle with his simple but philosophical language. The novel successfully reveals the chaos and conflict of the ethical world of people in a special period by constructing a divorce case that occurred in the early days of the founding of New China after the demise of old China. This thesis attempts to analyze the novel from the perspective of literary ethics criticism in order to reveal the universal ethical problems in the works that transcend time and space. Because the novel mainly revolves around a divorce case, this paper begins with the family ethics, and analyzes the existing themes of marriage ethics, parent-child ethics and sexual ethics. The thesis is divided into five parts. The introduction not only includes the introduction of writers and their works, but also briefly mentions a new trend in the field of literary criticism-literary ethics criticism. The second chapter analyzes the marital life of the three protagonists and explores the ethical reality of the couple in different periods. The third chapter focuses on the ethics between parents and children, emphasizing the development of parent-child ethics in different periods. The fourth chapter analyzes the topic of sexual ethics in the novel from the point of view of traditional ethics, and further analyzes the historical and cultural factors leading to the tragic fate of the protagonist in the novel. Based on the above analysis, the author draws a conclusion that the contradictions and conflicts between the characters described in the novel are caused by the conflicts of old and new ethics in the special historical period.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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