幽默VS身份构建：《爱药》文体特征研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 08:56

本文选题：《爱药》 + 路易斯·厄德里齐　；参考：《广东外语外贸大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：路易斯·厄德里齐是美国当代负有盛名、著作颇丰的印第安女性作家，被公认为“印第安文艺复兴”的第二次浪潮中最重要的作家之一。她几乎所有的作品都极其真实地描述了北达科他州齐佩瓦人在保留地的生活，强调印第安人的传统。 1984年厄德里齐出版了第一部小说《爱药》，该书是其北达科他州系列小说中最著名的一部。1993年她再版了一个扩展版，该版本广受好评，被公认为《爱药》的权威版本。本论文采用1993版为研究文本。1993版的《爱药》由18篇独立、不连贯却又相互联系的短篇故事组成。每个故事的叙述角度都不同，这是印第安口述传统文学经常采用的叙述形式。该书讲述了居住在北达科他州齐佩瓦人居留地，即龟山居留地的皮莱爵、纳娜普什、拉马丁、喀什帕、拉扎雷、莫里西这六大家族三代人前后五十年的生活故事，主要讲述居留地恶劣的生活条件，当地人民乐观向上的生活态度以及他们的爱恨情仇。该书开篇讲述琼·喀什帕在回保留地的途中去世，她的葬礼让家人重聚在一起。然后人物一个接一个地出场讲述他们的故事。玛丽讲述了她年少时的遭遇，她如何遇见并嫁给尼科特，以及如何在丈夫不理家事的情况下独自养活一家人。紧接着尼科特讲述了他年轻时在白人社会的种种经历，和他回到保留地后担任部落主席的经历，以及他与玛丽的婚姻、与娜娜的婚外情等故事。娜娜则讲述了她离经叛道的一生，她的数次婚姻和婚外情，以及她对美国政府施加的压迫所做的抗争。玛丽的外孙女艾伯丁讲述了露露的大儿子盖里成为罪犯兼英雄的前因后果。玛丽领养的孙子利普夏则讲述了自己如何发现亲生父母的身份，后来他如何确定自己归属于保留地。厄德里齐在接受采访时多次提到，她希望能打破那些带有种族偏见的印第安人刻板形象，以便塑造出非印第安人也能认同的真实角色。幽默就是她用来达到该目的的手段之一。《爱药》被认为属于印第安文艺复兴开始以来清晰体现幽默的首批印第安作品。但是由于种种原因，书中的幽默元素几乎被忽视了，以至于该书的主题也遭到误读，结果大部分学者将《爱药》解读为讲述印第安人失败与堕落的悲剧故事。本文试图分析书中被忽视的幽默元素，通过细致的文本分析剖析该书的幽默色彩，从而回答以下两个问题：1、《爱药》中的幽默有哪些表现形式？2、在塑造别样的印第安人形象中幽默发挥了什么作用？本文主要研究《爱药》中的语言幽默、情境幽默以及幽默人物刻画，，更具体地说是恶作剧精灵人物的刻画。支撑文本分析的理论包括常见的三大幽默理论（例如失谐理论、释放理论等）、相关印第安幽默理论以及恶作剧精灵人物理论。本文试图分析证明《爱药》幽默色彩浓厚，讲述了印第安人虽身处困境但仍乐观幸存的故事。印第安人聪明机智，能从幽默中获取力量，他们借此粉碎了“印第安人毫无幽默感”的刻板形象，因而构建出真正的印第安人身份。
[Abstract]:Luis Oderici, a famous and prolific Indian female writer in the United States, is recognized as one of the most important writers of the second wave of the "Indian Renaissance". Almost all of her works describe the life of the jupewa people in North Dakota in a very real way, emphasizing the spread of the Indians. Unification.
Eritazi published his first novel, love medicine, in 1984, the most famous edition of his northern Dakota series, one of the most famous versions of.1993, an extended version of which was widely praised and recognized as an authoritative version of "Love Medicine >". This paper used the 1993 edition for the study of the.1993 version of the version of "Love Medicine", which was 18 independent, incoherent but mutually exclusive. Each story is composed of short stories. Each story has a different narrative angle. It is a narrative often used in Indian oral traditional literature. The book tells the six family of three generations of three generations living in the residence of chyon, North Dakota, the Duke of kusaki residence, narna PASH, Lamartine, Kashi PA, La Zare, and Morrissey. The life story of the past fifty years is mainly about the poor living conditions of the place of residence, the optimistic attitude towards life of the local people and their love and hatred.
The book begins with a story about Joan Caspar's death on his way back to the reserved place, her funeral to reunite his family. Then the characters tell their stories one after another. Marie tells the story of her young age, how she meets and marry him, and how to keep a family alone in the absence of her husband's family. Then Nicote told about the experiences of his youth in the white society, the experience of the tribal chairperson he returned to the reserve, his marriage to Marie, the extramarital affair with Nana, and Nana about her rebellious life, her several marriages and extramarital affairs, and the oppression she had imposed on the American government. Marie's granddaughter aberding tells the story of Lulu's eldest son, Gali, as a culprit and a hero. Marie, the grandson of his grandson, tells how he found his own parents, and then how he decided to belong to the reserve.
Maher de Rizzi said many times in an interview that she wanted to break the stereotyped Indian stereotyped image so that she could create a real role that non Indians could identify. Humor is one of the means she used to achieve this goal. "Love Medicine" is considered to be a clear expression of humor since the start of the Indian Renaissance. But for a variety of reasons, the humorous elements in the book are almost ignored, so that the subject of the book is misread. Most scholars interpret the love medicine as a tragic story about the failure and fall of the Indians. This article tries to analyze the neglected humorous elements in the book and analyze it through detailed text analysis. By analyzing the humorous colors of the book, the following two questions are answered: 1, what are the forms of humor in "Love Medicine"? 2, what is the role of humor in shaping the image of other Indians?
This paper mainly studies the language humor, situational humor and portrayal of humorous characters in the "Love Medicine", and more specifically the portrayal of the prandial elves. The theory of supporting text analysis includes three common theories of humour (such as the theory of detuning, the theory of release, etc.), the related Indian humor theory and the prandial elves theory. Graphic analysis proves that "Love Medicine" has a strong sense of humour and tells the story of the Indians who are in trouble but still optimistic. The Indians are smart and smart, and can get power from humor. They smashed the stereotyped image of "the Indians without a sense of humour", thus building a true Indian identity.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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