论《舞姬》与森鸥外的女性观

发布时间：2018-06-02 00:19

本文选题：舞姬 + 森鸥外　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：森鸥外是日本明治、大正时代的小说家、翻译家、评论家、启蒙家、思想家,是与日本批判现实主义大作家夏目漱石齐名的大文豪。明治17年(1884),作为日本近代早期的公费留学生前往德国留学,调研和学习德国陆军卫生制度和军队卫生学。四年德国留学的经历对他的的文学创作，乃至对人生观，价值观产生了深远影响。经过欧洲现代文明之风和文艺精神的洗礼，从小接受到的传统思想和教育理念开始动摇，其中之一的表现就是他进步的女性观念的树立。德国女子解放团体领导者的演讲，引起了鸥外的共鸣和极大的兴趣，从此鸥外开始关注女性问题。回国后的他为维护女性权益问题积极奔走，引进和推广欧洲女性解放理论和女性文学作品，并多次在演讲中提倡女性通过接受教育获得就业的机会，如此才能经济和人格独立。这是森鸥外女性观形成的直接原因。森鸥外女性观形成的另一个重要原因则是伴随其成长的以母亲为中心的家庭氛围，其勇敢坚强的母性光辉形象是鸥外对女性的最初印象。在其代表作《舞姬》中，本论文试从分析女主人公爱丽丝人物形象和爱情观价值观入手，讨论其果敢、向往自由，寻求知识的教化，力求改变命运的坚毅一面，着重突出爱丽丝柔弱的外表下坚毅勇敢的爱情观。由此延伸至以爱丽丝为代表的近代社会中的女性群体在女子解放运动中的贡献和推动作用。体现森鸥外提倡真性情，主张恋爱自由，向生活在水深火热中的没有自由和权利的女性们表达力挺和支持。另一方面对“伸张个性自由的精灵”爱丽丝与“工具”丰太郎的价值观和个性中的强与弱进行比较，两种势力的比较在两个人身上体现的尤为讽刺。社会和家庭没有给予爱丽丝们施展自己的舞台，没有受过良好的教育没有经济保障甚至衣食不保。恰恰是这些艰苦的环境让这些女子更加坚强，坚持自我，追求自由。人，也许的确是生来不平等的，但有些东西对每个人都是平等的，，比如人格。相比之下，从小丰衣足食，知识教养出类拔萃并出国深造的丰太郎，内心却充满各种各样的奢侈的矛盾、犹豫和彷徨，甚至是不负责任的卑劣。相比于唯唯诺诺的封建统治阶级的代表丰太郎，爱丽丝可以说是近代自由主义的象征。在明治时代女性地位低下的背景下，鸥外不顾自身位高权重的敏感身份，以独树一帜的鲜明态度表达了对女性的声援。森鸥外借《舞姬》体现了提高女性地位维护女性权益的诉求，爱丽丝最后疯痴的悲惨结局是鸥外借题发挥的极致，批判和鞭策吃人体制的同时也引起了读者深深的反思。森鸥外的女性观在《舞姬》等几部作品中都有很明显和深刻的体现，本论文旨在以《舞姬》为论述中心的基础上，最后得出结论《舞姬》女人公爱丽丝的人物形象体现了森鸥外主张女性人格独立、人性解放,重视女性教育,赞赏女性才能的女性观。
[Abstract]:Mi Guliwai is a novelist, translator, critic, enlightener and thinker of Meiji and Taisho times in Japan. He is a great literary magnate with Japanese critical realism writer Natsumi Shu-shih. Meiji 17, 1884, as a public student in the early modern Japan to study in Germany, research and study of the German Army health system and military hygiene. Four years' experience of studying abroad in Germany has exerted a profound influence on his literary creation, as well as on his outlook on life and values. After the baptism of modern European civilization and the spirit of literature and art, the traditional ideas and educational ideas received from childhood began to waver, one of which was the establishment of his progressive concept of women. The speech by the leader of the German Women's Liberation Group aroused the sympathy and great interest of the foreign gulls, from which they began to pay attention to women's issues. After returning to China, he worked hard to safeguard the rights and interests of women, introducing and popularizing the theory of European women's liberation and women's literature, and advocating women's access to employment through education many times, so as to achieve economic and personal independence. This is the direct reason for the formation of Mori'gull 's view of women. Another important reason for the formation of Mori's view of female is the mother-centered family atmosphere which is accompanied by his growing up. His brave and strong maternal brilliance is the first impression of female by Gull. In her masterpiece, Dancing, this thesis tries to analyze the heroine Alice's character image and the values of love, discusses her courage, yearns for freedom, seeks for the enlightenment of knowledge, and tries to change the firmness of her destiny. Emphasis is placed on Alice's tenacious and courageous view of love under her soft appearance. This extends to the contribution and promotion role of the female group in the modern society represented by Alice in the women's liberation movement. He advocates true temperament, free love, and expresses support and support to the women who have no freedom and right. On the other hand, the comparison of the values and the strong and the weak of Fengtaro's values and personality between Alice the Elf of Personality Freedom and the tool is especially ironic. Society and family did not give Alice their own stage, no good education, no financial security or even food and clothing. It is these difficult circumstances that make these women stronger, more persistent and free. Man may be born unequal, but some things are equal to everyone, such as personality. By contrast, Fengtaro, who grew up with plenty of food and knowledge and studied abroad, is filled with all kinds of luxury contradictions, hesitations and hesitations, and even irresponsible despicable. Alice is a symbol of modern liberalism, compared with Feng Taro, the representative of the neuter feudal ruling class. Against the background of the low status of women in Meiji era, Gouwai expressed his solidarity with women in a distinctive manner, regardless of his sensitive status. Mori's "Dancing Kitchen" embodies the demand of improving the status of women and safeguarding their rights and interests. Alice's final crazy and tragic ending is the extreme of the guzzling, criticizing and pushing the cannibalism system, but also arousing the readers' deep reflection. Mori's view of women is clearly and profoundly embodied in several works, such as Dancing, and so on. The purpose of this thesis is to focus on the discussion of "Dancing Kitchen". Finally, the conclusion is drawn that the figure of Lady Alice embodies Morgull's view of female personality independence, liberation of human nature, emphasis on female education and appreciation of female talents.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I313.074

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