英国文学家对英国文学公共领域的建构作用研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 13:21

本文选题：公共领域 + 英国文学公共领域　；参考：《东北师范大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：哈贝马斯在《公共领域的结构转型》一书中，对英、法、德三国的“公共领域”历史性演进过程进行梳理时，创建性地提出了介于中世纪“代表型公共领域”与“资产阶级公共领域”之间的过渡性的“文学公共领域”的概念。本论文通过对“公共领域”、“文学公共领域”两个概念在译介过程中意义的偏差进行修正，基于对英国文学公共领域的国别考察，梳理了英国文学公共领域的发展历史。作为资产阶级政治公共领域前身的文学公共领域孕育于英国共和时期的咖啡馆中，经过哈林顿等文学家的努力，在“洛塔咖啡俱乐部”中形成了公共领域中的“辩论机制”。而随着资产阶级交往模式的确立，私人“主体性”的觉醒，以及文学公共领域的“公共舆论”功能的形成，，英国文学公共领域进入了发展的成熟期。在英国特定历史、文化的合力下，获得“公共性”的英国文学家推动了文学公共领域的完善。这些文学家通过文学创作和文学话题的讨论将公众意见通过文学公共领域传达给国家权利机关，从而影响他们对公共事务的决策。英国文学公共领域的成熟与日益增多的阅读群体的出现、咖啡馆在英国的激增、作家的职业化等文化现象之间又存在密切联系。随着政党政治在英国的发展，政治话题被越来越多地引入文学公共领域之中，英国文学公共领域向政治公共领域过渡，其标志是长期反对派“柏林布鲁克文人圈”的文学前奏和“第四等级”批评机构的形成。这一切使得作为欧洲文学公共领域先驱的英国文学公共领域具有了独特的魅力，但是，同时也要指出得是哈贝马斯在对“文学公共领域”的研究中，无视其他阶级、女性对文学公共领域的建构，这也成为其公共领域理论饱受诟病的地方。本论文通过以上研究旨在挖掘英国文学家的主观能动性作用，将英国文学家对英国文学公共领域的建构作用放置于英国特定的历史与文化时期中加以研究。同时，在对英国文学公共领域进行历史性的纵向研究同时本论文补充了多声部的“亚文学公共领域”对英国文学公共领域建构的巨大作用，从而更加全面地考量了英国文学公共领域。为了系统研究上述内容，并对哈贝马斯理论进行修正，真实再现英国文学公共领域全貌，本论文将从以下几个章节展开研究：第一章，英国文学公共领域的兴起与“走下神坛”的文学家，这一章涉及的文学家主要有詹姆斯哈林顿、佩皮斯、伊夫林以及安德鲁马维尔，主要论述这些英国文学家在英国文学公共领域雏形阶段形成的“辩论机制”、“理性交往模式”的奠定和文学家“主体性”的变化情况，这些都为英国文学公共领域的出现奠定了基础；第二章，英国文学公共领域成熟期的“公共”文学家，这一章为本论文的重点章节，涉及到的作家主要包括德莱顿、斯蒂尔与爱迪生等人，通过对英国审查制度、文学资助人向书商的转变等独特文化现象的研究，描述英国文学公共领域在进入成熟期时与英国文学家的互相建构关系；第三章，英国文学公共领域向政治公共领域转型时期的文学家，这一章重点研究两种公共领域的转变过程，涉及到的作家有“柏林布鲁克文人圈”与“第四等级”批评机构的形成；第四章，英国文学公共领域与“多声部文学公共领域”，这一章作为对哈贝马斯“文学公共领域”的有效补充，将从英国宗教文学公共领域、平民文学公共领域、女性文学公共领域几个方面的研究展开，其中，重点研究女性文学公共领域对文学公共领域的影响和作用，涉及到的作家有本阿弗莱与“蓝袜社”中的几位主要女性作家。在结论部分，本论文总结了英国文学公共领域的“历史性锚定、文化上独特与文学上建构”的特点，尤其强调了最后一个特征。通过系统研究对哈贝马斯“公共领域”理论进行了有效补充和丰富，也为网络时代文学公共领域的结构转型和文学家“公共性”之间关系的研究提供一定启示和参考。
[Abstract]:In the book of structural transformation of the public domain, Habermas created a concept of the transitional "literary public domain" between the medieval "representative public domain" and "the bourgeois public domain", when combing the historical evolution process of the "public domain" in Britain, France and Germany.
This paper amends the deviation of the meaning of the two concepts of "public domain" and "literature public domain" in the process of translation and introduction. Based on the national inspection of the public field of English literature, the paper combs the history of the development of the public field of English literature. As a former literary public field of the bourgeois political public field, it is pregnant with the British common field. In the cafe of the period, after the efforts of Harrington and other scholars, the "debate mechanism" was formed in the "Luo tower Coffee Club". With the establishment of the bourgeois communication mode, the awakening of the private "subjectivity" and the formation of "public opinion" in the public field of literature, the public leader of English literature. The domain entered the mature period of development. Under the joint force of British history and culture, the English writers who obtained "public nature" have promoted the perfection of the public field of literature. These writers pass on the public opinion through the discussion of literary creation and the topic of literature to the organs of state rights through the public field of literature, thus affecting them to the public. The decision-making of affairs, the maturity of the public field of English literature and the emergence of an increasing number of reading groups, the rise of the cafe in Britain, the professionalization of the writers and other cultural phenomena. With the development of political party politics in Britain, more and more political topics have been introduced into the public field of literature, and the public leader of British literature. The transition from the domain to the political public sphere is marked by the literary prelude of the long-term opposition "the Berlin Brook literati circle" and the formation of the "fourth grade" criticism institution. All these have made the public sphere of English literature as the pioneer of the public domain of European literature with unique charm. However, it is also to be pointed out that Habermas is in the right place. In the study of "literary public sphere", ignoring the other classes and women's construction of the public sphere of literature has also been criticized by her public sphere theory.
The purpose of this thesis is to explore the subjective active role of English writers and to study the constructive role of English writers in English literature public domain in English specific historical and cultural periods. The "sub literature public sphere" of the Ministry has played a great role in the construction of English literature in the public sphere, thus giving more comprehensive consideration to the public sphere of English literature.
In order to systematically study the above content, and to revise the Habermas theory to truly reproduce the full picture of the public field of English literature, this thesis will be studied from the following chapters.
The first chapter, the rise of the public field of English literature and the "go down the altar", the writers of this chapter mainly include James Harrington, Pepys, Evelyn and Andrew Marvell, mainly discussing the "debate mechanism" formed by these English writers in the embryonic stage of English literature public domain, "rational communication mode". The establishment of "Literature" and the change of the "subjectivity" of the writers laid the foundation for the emergence of the public sphere of English literature.
The second chapter is the "public" writer in the mature period of English literature. This chapter is the key chapter of this paper. The writers mainly include Dryden, Steele and Edison, and the study of the unique cultural phenomena of the British censorship, the transformation of literary patrons to booksellers, and the description of the public domain in English literature. The relationship between English writers and British writers when they entered maturity.
The third chapter is the writer of the transition period of the public domain of English literature to the political public field. This chapter focuses on the transformation process of the two public fields, involving the formation of the writers of "the Berlin Brook man circle" and the "fourth grade" criticism institution.
The fourth chapter, the public field of English literature and the "public domain of multipart literature", as an effective supplement to Habermas's "public domain of literature", will be studied in several aspects of the public field of religious literature, the public sphere of civilian literature, and the public field of women's literature, which focuses on the public field of women's literature. The influence and role of the public sphere in literature are related to several main female writers in the fields of avery and the blue stockings society.
In the conclusion part, this paper summarizes the characteristics of "historical anchoring, cultural uniqueness and literary construction" in the public field of English literature, especially the last feature. Through systematic research, the theory of Habermas's "public domain" is effectively supplemented and enriched, and the structural transformation of the public field of literature in the network era. It will provide some inspiration and reference for the study of the relationship between "publicity" of writers.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.06

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