《德伯家的苔丝》人物塑造的神话原型解读

发布时间：2018-06-14 15:00

本文选题：人物塑造 + 神话原型人物　；参考：《安徽大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：《德伯家的苔丝》是托马斯·哈代最重要代表作之一,自1892年发表以后,就受到评论家广泛的关注,评论界对其褒贬不一。由于其有违维多利亚时代的道德观,因此前期评论家更多的是对其进行抨击。然而一百多年过去了,人们对小说的关注并未因时间而有所减少。《德伯家的苔丝》经久不衰的魅力就在于不同时代的人们都可从中寻找到某种契合。尽管从各种理论的角度对作品的解读已经取得了较为丰硕的研究成果,但从神话原型理论的角度对作品人物塑造进行研究并不多见。文章以《德伯家的苔丝》为文本,从神话原型理论的角度对人物性格塑造进行探讨与研究。首先,本文对神话原型理论的形成和发展进行了梳理。主要介绍神话原型理论启蒙者弗雷泽的社会人类学研究、荣格对神话原型理论精髓的贡献以及神话原型理论的集大成者弗莱的神话原型批评,从而为本论文奠定理论基础。在这些学者奠定的理论基础之上,本文对作品中的人物形象进行了神话原型理论视域下的分析,挖掘作品中的三个主要人物苔丝、安玑、亚雷相对应的原型人物,即感性的佩尔塞福涅、理性的阿波罗和本性的狄俄尼索斯。通过人物的对比分析,探讨隐藏在人物内心及人物与人物之间的深层内涵与联系,发现三位主要人物看似简单的人物关系却隐含着感性、理性、本性的关联。接着,通过神话原型批评中对循环结构和倒置U型结构的分析,来探讨作品深层的内在结构与人物命运悲欢离合及跌宕起伏的关联,以使作品中的人物性格得到进一步深化,人物命运也更加直观地得以展现。随后,本文通过对《德伯家的苔丝》中人物性格与人物命运的神话原型解读,进而反观作家哈代对人物塑造的创作动因,即哈代运用神话原型进行文学创作不仅是由于其受到了西方传统文化熏陶及其本人所处时代背景的影响,还对作者哈代其个人意识心理认知的转变有着密切的联系。最后,对神话原型赋予《德伯家的苔丝》的文学价值和现实意义进行关照。全文旨在通过这一视角的研究,加深人们对《德伯家的苔丝》这部作品的深刻认识,即神话原型解读不仅丰富和深化了人物性格的内涵,还可以使人们从中看出哈代对现实的批判、对人性及对精神危机的思考,以促使读者辩证地认识作品中出现的人物并全方位地把握作家哈代的创作思想。
[Abstract]:Tess of the d'Urbervilles is one of Thomas Hardy's most important masterpieces. Because it is contrary to Victorian morality, early critics are more critical of it. But more than a hundred years later, the attention to fiction has not diminished by time. The enduring charm of Tess is that people of different ages can find some sort of fit. Although great achievements have been made in the interpretation of works from various theoretical perspectives, it is rare to study the characterization of works from the perspective of mythological archetypal theory. Taking Tess of the d'Urbervilles as the text, this paper discusses and studies the character shaping from the perspective of mythological archetypal theory. First of all, the formation and development of mythological archetype theory are combed in this paper. This paper mainly introduces Frazier's research on social anthropology, Jung's contribution to the essence of mythological archetypal theory and the mythological archetypal criticism of Frei, the epitome of mythological archetypal theory, thus laying a theoretical foundation for this thesis. Based on the theoretical foundation laid by these scholars, this paper analyzes the characters in the works from the perspective of mythological archetypal theory, and excavates the corresponding archetypal characters of Tess, Angel and Yar Lei, the three main characters in the works. The perceptual Persephone, the rational Apollo, and the natural Dionysus. Through the comparative analysis of the characters, this paper probes into the deep connotation and relation between the characters and the characters, and finds that the relationship between the three main characters, which seems to be simple, implies the connection of sensibility, reason and nature. Then, through the analysis of circular structure and inverted U structure in mythological archetypal criticism, this paper discusses the relationship between the deep inner structure of the work and the vicissitudes and ups and downs of the characters' fate, so as to further deepen the character of the characters in the works. The fate of the characters is also more intuitive to show. Then, through the interpretation of the mythological archetypes of characters' character and their fate in Tess of the Decaux, this paper then looks back at the writer Hardy's creative motivation for the portrayal of characters. That is, Hardy used mythological archetypes to create literature not only because he was influenced by the western traditional culture and the background of his own times, but also because of the close relation to the change of the author's psychological cognition of his personal consciousness. Finally, the literary value and practical significance of the Derberian Tess are taken care of by the mythological archetype. The purpose of this thesis is to deepen the understanding of Tess of the Decaux d'Urbervilles, that is to say, the interpretation of mythological archetypes not only enriches and deepens the connotation of the character. It can also make people see Hardy's critique of reality, human nature and spiritual crisis, so as to urge readers to understand the characters in his works dialectically and grasp the writer's creative thoughts in all directions.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

【共引文献】