精神分裂—战争创伤下的“咒语”

发布时间：2018-06-18 06:57

本文选题：战争创伤 + 精神分裂　；参考：《黑龙江大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：库尔特·冯内古特可以说是美国历史上最有影响力的后现代主义小说家之一。他创作过很多关于黑色幽默、科幻以及带有讽刺意味的长篇小说，他的作品不光受到众多读者的喜爱，就是一向严苛的评论家们对于他的作品也都给予了高度的赞扬。他的作品如《泰坦族的海妖》（1959）、《猫的摇篮》（1963）、《五号屠场》（1969）、《冠军的早餐》（1973）、《囚鸟》（1979）、《时震》（1997）等脍炙人口的作品为他赢了了很多的赞誉。在冯内古特的众多作品之中，《咒语》一书并不像他的其他作品一样受到很多的关注，但事实上，《咒语》一书在冯内古特的写作生涯中占据着极其重要的位置，同时它也是一本非常畅销的小说。在这本小说中，作者通过一个越战老兵战后生活的不幸经历说明虽然战争结束了，但战争给人们带来的影响却没有结束，而且这种影响不光作用于个体，也作用于整个社会，从侧面控诉了战争给人类带来的威胁。本文从精神分析的创伤理论入手，深入探讨了创伤理论的几个要素，把创伤事件的关注点聚焦在战争上，说明了战争给人类造成极大的创伤，这种创伤不仅仅是身体上的，更是心理上的，而且心理创伤持续的时间并不因为战争的停止而结束，相反，这种心理创伤往往会持续十几甚至几十年，更甚者因为心理创伤导致灵魂的剥离，精神的分裂。精神分裂作为一种人类心理的自我防御机制使每一个受到战争伤害的人都不同程度的通过割裂自己的方式继续战后的生活。战争给人类带来的创伤好像形成了一种控制力量，像是一个咒语，，作用于现实世界和人的精神理智。精神分裂症这一疾病时时刻刻反映着战争给人类留下的深深的烙印。
[Abstract]:Kurt Vonnegut is one of the most influential postmodernist novelists in American history. He has written a lot of black humor, science fiction and satirical novels, and his works are not only loved by many readers, but also highly praised by the most strict critics. His works, such as the Titan siren, the Cradle of the Cat, the Cat Cradle, the Slaughterhouse No. 5, the Breakfast of the Champion, the prisoner's bird, 1997, and so on, have won him a great deal of praise. Among the many works of Vonnegut, the book "the spell" did not attract as much attention as his other works, but in fact, the book "Curse" played an extremely important role in Vonnegut's writing career. It is also a very popular novel. In this novel, the author shows through the unfortunate experience of a Vietnam war veteran that although the war is over, the impact of the war on people is not over, and this influence affects not only the individual but also the society as a whole. Accused of the threat of war to mankind from the side. Starting with the trauma theory of psychoanalysis, this paper discusses several elements of trauma theory, focuses on the war, and explains that the war causes great trauma to human beings, and this trauma is not only physical. It is psychological, and the duration of psychological trauma does not end with the end of the war, on the contrary, this kind of psychological trauma often lasts for more than ten or even decades, and even more because of psychological trauma, the soul is stripped away and the spirit is divided. Schizophrenia, as a self-defense mechanism of human psychology, enables everyone who has been injured by war to continue their post-war life in different degrees by splitting their own ways. The trauma of war seems to form a force of control, like a mantra, in the real world and in human mind. The disease of schizophrenia always reflects the deep imprint of war.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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