论《罗森克兰茨与吉尔登斯特恩已死》中主题与人物的不确定性

发布时间：2018-06-25 04:30

本文选题：《罗森克兰茨与吉尔登斯特恩已死》 + 后现代性　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：英国剧作家汤姆·斯托帕德的作品《罗森克兰茨与吉尔登斯特恩已死》是从莎士比亚经典著作《哈姆雷特》的剧情框架衍生出的一部经典作品。斯托帕德从《哈姆雷特》中的一个细节拓展,把莎士比亚戏剧中两个不起眼的小人物一罗森克兰茨和吉尔登斯特恩置于舞台中心,将莎士比亚的悲剧变成了荒诞剧。但是斯托帕德却无法改变两人早已被决定了的悲剧命运。本论文旨在从后现代视角看待这部戏剧,并试图分析不确定性这一后现代特征在这部戏剧中的表现。论文有五个部分组成。第一部分是对作者汤姆·斯托帕德以及《罗森克兰茨与吉尔登斯特恩已死》的介绍。第二部分先分析了国内外对于斯托帕德以及他的作品的研究现状,然后介绍了本篇论文运用的理论框架即伊桑哈布的后现代理论—不确定性原则。不确定性是后现代的标志,体现了在后现代社会中人们的精神状态。在哈桑的理论里,不确定性遍及我们所有的行动、思想和阐释,不确定性构成了我们的世界。不确定性也成为了后现代文学创作的创作原则。论文的主体部分首先分析了《罗森克兰茨与吉尔登斯特恩已死》中主题的不确定性。由于不确定性特征,主题可以根据不同的背景,人物以及情节变换。在本篇论文中,作者首先分析了命运的挣扎这一主题。在本剧中,两位主人公罗森克兰茨与吉尔登斯特恩一直试图从一个隐形的控制着他们的手中逃脱,但是他们不知道这正是早已确定的命运。之后论文作者分析了另一个主题—剧中的存在与死亡。斯托帕德在他的作品中给予了两个角色思考的能力,却同时剥夺了他们存在的权利,让他们只能接受作为文本中角色的存在。第四章作者通过两部分分析了人物的不确定性。第一部分是角色的任意性。罗森克兰茨与吉尔登斯特恩是非常典型具有任意性特点的人物,他们没有背景描述,甚至剧中的人物也经常将两人混淆。第二部分作者从另外两部戏剧《等待戈多》和《哈姆雷特》入手分析了人物的仿拟。通过对《罗森克兰茨与吉尔登斯特恩已死》中主题和人物的不确定性分析,本论文作者认为斯托帕德不单单只是将莎士比亚戏剧中的一个情节扩展描写,更是为广大读者和观众提供了一个新的后现代的视点,去重新审视传统著作。通过他的作品也为传统的戏剧带来了新的光芒。
[Abstract]:British playwright Tom Stoppard's works Rosenkranz and Gilden Stern are classic works derived from the plot frame of Shakespeare's classic Hamlet. Stoppard expanded from a detail in Hamlet, putting two small characters in Shakespeare's plays, Rosenkranz and Gilden Stern, at the center of the stage, turning Shakespeare's tragedy into a absurd play. But Stoppard could not change the tragic fate of the two men. The purpose of this thesis is to look at the play from a postmodern perspective and try to analyze the expression of uncertainty as a postmodern feature in the play. The paper consists of five parts. The first part introduces the author Tom Stoppard and Rosenkranz and Gilden Stern. The second part first analyzes the research status of Stoppard and his works at home and abroad, and then introduces the theoretical framework used in this paper, namely Isanhab's post-modern theory-uncertainty principle. Uncertainty is a symbol of post-modern, reflecting the spiritual state of people in post-modern society. In Hassan's theory, uncertainty pervades all our actions, thoughts, and interpretations, and uncertainty constitutes our world. Uncertainty has also become the creation principle of post-modern literature creation. In the main part of the thesis, we first analyze the uncertainty of the theme in Rosenkranz and Gilden Stern. Due to uncertainty, themes can vary according to background, character, and plot. In this thesis, the author first analyzes the theme of the struggle of fate. In the show, Rosenkranz and Gilden Stern have been trying to escape from an invisible control of their hands, but they do not know that this is the fate that has already been determined. The author then analyzes another theme-the existence and death of the play. Stoppard gives two characters the ability to think in his works, but at the same time deprives them of the right to exist, so that they can only accept the existence of characters in the text. In the fourth chapter, the author analyzes the uncertainty of the characters in two parts. The first part is the arbitrariness of the role. Rosenkranz and Gilden Stern are very typical arbitrary characters, they have no background description, and even the characters in the play often confuse the two. In the second part, the author analyzes the parody of the characters from the other two plays, waiting for Gordo and Hamlet. By analyzing the uncertainties of the themes and characters in Rosenkranz and Gilden Stern, the author of this paper argues that Stoppard is not just an extended description of the plot in Shakespeare's plays. It also provides a new post-modern perspective for readers and viewers to re-examine traditional works. His works also bring new light to the traditional drama.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I561.073

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