论毛姆西方中心主义的中国形象建构

发布时间：2018-06-30 01:37

本文选题：威廉·萨默塞特·毛姆 + 中国形象　；参考：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：威廉·萨默塞特·毛姆(William Somerset Maugham,1874-1965)是二十世纪享有世界性声誉的英国作家。他一生创作了许多小说、戏剧,作品雅俗共赏。他为作品寻求创作灵感和素材,一生大部分时间都在海外游历,足迹遍至远东诸国。因此他的作品总是充满了异国情调。自第一篇小说《兰贝斯的丽莎》问世,毛姆的创作生涯便开始了。无论是短篇小说、长篇小说还是戏剧,一经出版读者便络绎不绝,这为毛姆迎来了源源不断的财富和日渐攀升的名望。本文运用文本细读的方法解读毛姆关于中国题材的作品,如《在中国屏风上》、《人性的枷锁》、《面纱》等作品,揭示西方文化语境下中国形象——尤其是负面的中国形象,是如何被塑造出来的,深入分析中国形象产生的原因以及西方作家的创作动机、心理机制等。毛姆在他的作品中表现了亦正亦邪的中国形象。一方面,毛姆用一小部分篇幅零零碎碎地表现了对古中国的向往,将中国视为一片古风古韵、充满精妙绝伦的艺术品的理想乐园。另一方面,毛姆更多地表现了中国贫穷落后的现状,塑造了一个社会停止不前、国民麻木呆滞的负面中国。本论文主要由绪论、主体(三章六节)和结语三个部分组成。绪论部分介绍了毛姆关于异域的作品创作概况、中国学者对毛姆的研究现状以及本篇论文的研究方法和选题意义等。第一章借用形象学的理论对毛姆笔下两种对立的中国形象——乌托邦的和妖魔化的——做了梳理,并指出产生这两种极端形象的原因。第二章指出毛姆对中国文化的书写是零散的、碎片化的和不准确的,并分析这种现象背后隐藏的是一名西方作家对东方的居高临下的凝视,指出毛姆作为凝视的主体与被凝视对象之间的不平衡关系。第三章从社会集体想象的角度指出毛姆对中国的书写没有跳出集体想象的圈子。结语部分是对全文的总结,以及通过西方作家毛姆对中国形象有失偏颇的解读而产生的对异质文化如何进行平等交流的思索。
[Abstract]:William Somerset Maughamn 1874-1965 was a famous English writer in the 20th century. Throughout his life he has written many novels, plays and works of elegance and folklore. He sought inspiration and material for his work, traveling overseas for most of his life, throughout the far East. Therefore, his works are always full of exotic atmosphere. Maugham's career began when the first novel Lisa of Lambeth came out. Whether short story, long story or drama, once published, readers are in constant stream, which ushered in a steady stream of wealth and rising fame for Maugham. This paper interprets Maugham's works on Chinese subjects, such as "on the Chinese screen", "the shackles of Human Nature", "the veil", and so on, in order to reveal the Chinese image-especially the negative image of China-in the context of western culture. How to be molded out, in-depth analysis of the causes of the Chinese image, as well as Western writers' creative motivation, psychological mechanism and so on. In his works, Maugham shows the Chinese image of both right and evil. On the one hand, Maugham expressed his yearning for ancient China with a small part of space, regarded China as an ideal paradise of ancient style and exquisite works of art. On the other hand, Maugham showed the poverty and backwardness of China, and created a negative China with social stagnation and national numbness. This thesis consists of three parts: introduction, subject (three chapters and six sections) and conclusion. The introduction introduces Maugham's works about foreign lands, the current situation of Chinese scholars' research on Maugham, the research methods and the significance of this thesis. The first chapter combs the two opposing Chinese images-Utopian and demonized-in Maugham's works, and points out the reasons for the two extreme images. The second chapter points out that Maugham's writing of Chinese culture is fragmented, fragmented and inaccurate, and analyzes that behind this phenomenon lies the condescending gaze of a Western writer on the East. The unbalanced relationship between Maugham as the subject of gaze and the object being gazed is pointed out. Chapter three points out that Maugham's writing of China does not jump out of the circle of collective imagination from the angle of social collective imagination. The conclusion part is a summary of the full text, as well as a reflection on how to communicate equally with different cultures through the biased interpretation of Chinese image by Western writer Maugham.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：I561.06

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