梭罗和庄子自然观的比较研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 10:53

本文选题：亨利·大卫·梭罗 + 庄子　；参考：《兰州大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文旨在比较分析《瓦尔登湖》作者梭罗和中国道家代表人物庄子在自然观方面的异同。在第一章本文比较了梭罗和庄子在哲学观、人文精神、方法论、认识论等方面的相同之处。接下来第二章重点比较了二者的自然观：他们的相同之处是都有相同的生态价值观,即万物平等；反对科技、知识带来的人的”异化”；追求精神自由。不过,他们的自然观也有不同之处。首先他们对自然的理解不同。庄子所说的自然是事物的原始的真实的状态,是一种泛自然；而梭罗所说的自然是现实的、自然的、荒野的大自然,是和人类文明社会相对的自然界。第二,梭罗赞美自然,目的在于指出人是自然的一部分,人与自然应该和谐相处,而庄子尽管在他的书中不断提到自然,但并没有直接指向大自然,只是为了强调它们身后隐藏着的道。在第三章指出二人最伟大也是最使人感兴趣的是他们对同时期大多数人的生活态度和价值观念提出怀疑和否定,勇于探寻他们自认为真正体现人的本性的人生之路。最后文章得出结论,他们提倡的人应该减少对物质的欲望和追求,着重加强对精神与心灵的探索的思想,对物欲横流的社会里迷茫的人们无疑是一剂良药。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this thesis is to compare and analyze the similarities and differences between Thoreau, the author of Walden Lake, and Zhuang Zi, a representative figure of Chinese Taoists. In the first chapter, this paper compares Thoreau and Zhuangzi in philosophy, humanistic spirit, methodology, epistemology and so on. The second chapter focuses on the comparison of the two views of nature: they all have the same ecological values, that is, equality of all things; oppose technology, knowledge brings people's "alienation"; pursue spiritual freedom. However, there are differences in their view of nature. First of all, their understanding of nature is different. The nature mentioned by Chuang Tzu is the primitive real state of things, and it is a pan-nature, while the nature mentioned by Thoreau is realistic, natural, and wild nature is the nature opposite to human civilization. Second, Thoreau praises nature with the aim of pointing out that man is a part of nature, that man and nature should live in harmony, and that Chuang Tzu, despite his constant references to nature, does not point directly to nature. Just to emphasize the hidden path behind them. In the third chapter, it is pointed out that the greatest and most interesting thing for them is that they doubt and negate the attitudes and values of most people in the same period, and dare to explore the way of life in which they think they really embody human nature. Finally, it is concluded that the people they advocate should reduce the desire and pursuit of material, and emphasize on the exploration of spirit and soul, which is undoubtedly a good medicine for the confused people in the society of material desire.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.076;B223.5

【参考文献】