以生态伦理学视角解读《我们是穆尔维尼一家》和《人间乐园》
发布时间：2018-08-11 09:55
【摘要】：乔伊斯·卡罗尔·欧茨是美国当代杰出女作家之一。在其四十多年的创作生涯中已完成了50余部长篇小说和多部中短篇小说，获得无数美国重要的文学奖项。作为其早中期的两部长篇小说，《人间乐园》曾获得罗森塔尔奖，，《我们是穆尔维尼一家》出版当年便荣登《纽约时报》畅销书排行榜榜首。 早在20世纪70年代欧茨及其作品就引起国外评论界的关注；近年来国内也有越来越多的学者对其作品进行解读，但大多局限于暴力分析，心理分析及女性主义等方面。面对全球生态危机的日益严重，以尊重自然、善待生命、保护环境为宗旨的生态伦理思想迅速成为学术界关注的热点，赋予文学作品崭新的生态内涵和意义也就成为生态伦理学与文学批评发展的必然趋势。本文试图从生态伦理视角对欧茨的两部作品《人间乐园》和《我们是穆尔维尼一家》进行分析，挖掘出其中所蕴含的生态伦理思想。 欧茨在多部作品中探讨了人与自然的关系问题。其中，《人间乐园》和《我们是穆尔维尼一家》更是反映出她对过去农场生活的怀念与对大自然的无限向往之情。本论文共由五部分组成，着重从人物分析方面对以上两部作品进行生态伦理批评的解读，探讨小说中七位人物所表现出来的强烈的生态伦理意识。作者首先介绍了乔伊斯·卡罗尔·欧茨以及评论界对她的研究现状；接着阐释了生态伦理学及其基本理论，包括生物中心主义，生态中心主义和生态女权主义，并从其早期生活经历，环保运动和亨利·大卫·梭罗的环境思想三个方面梳理了欧茨本人生态伦理思想的来源；运用生态伦理学的相关理论，作者进一步揭示了两部作品中的生态伦理意蕴，集中论述了人与自然之间的关系问题。一方面分析了作品中人物表现出的对自然的热爱和尊重，及其对自然的责任；另一方面揭示了女性与自然的关系，通过与自然之间建立亲密的联系女性人物获得了力量，并对人与人之间以及人与自然之间建立和谐关系做出了贡献。通过对小说中人与自然关系的分析，作者认为欧茨在两部作品中弘扬了生态伦理意识。论文揭示了人与自然和谐共处的必要性以及人与自然和谐相处是整个人类的责任。从生态伦理视角解读《我们是穆尔维尼一家》和《人间乐园》有利于我们更好地理解生态伦理思想也有利于更好地欣赏乔伊斯·卡罗尔·欧茨的作品。
[Abstract]:Joyce Carol Oates is one of the outstanding contemporary American women writers. In his more than 40 years of writing career, he has completed more than 50 novels and several short stories, and has won numerous important American literary awards. As his first two novels, Paradise was awarded the Rosenthal Prize, and "We are the Murwinis" topped the New York Times bestseller list when it was published. As early as 1970s, Oates and his works attracted the attention of foreign critics. In recent years, more and more scholars have interpreted his works, but most of them are limited to violence analysis, psychoanalysis and feminism. In the face of the increasingly serious global ecological crisis, ecological ethics, which aims at respecting nature, being kind to life and protecting the environment, has rapidly become a hot topic in academic circles. Giving new ecological connotation and significance to literary works has become an inevitable trend in the development of ecological ethics and literary criticism. From the perspective of ecological ethics, this paper attempts to analyze the two works of Oates, the Paradise on the Earth and the Murwini Family, and find out the ecological ethics thought contained therein. In many works, Oates explores the relationship between man and nature. Among them, the Paradise and the Murwinis reflect her yearning for the past farm life and her boundless yearning for nature. This thesis is composed of five parts. It focuses on the interpretation of ecological ethics criticism of the above two works from the aspect of character analysis, and probes into the strong ecological ethics consciousness shown by the seven characters in the novel. The author first introduces Joyce Carol Oates and the current situation of her research in critical circles, and then explains ecological ethics and its basic theories, including biocentrism, ecocentrism and ecological feminism. And from its early life experience, environmental protection movement and Henry David Thoreau's environmental thought three aspects of combing the source of Oates' own ecological ethics thought, using the relevant theory of ecological ethics, The author further reveals the ecological ethical implications of the two works and focuses on the relationship between man and nature. On the one hand, it analyzes the love and respect for nature shown by the characters in the works, and their responsibility to nature; on the other hand, it reveals the relationship between women and nature, and gains strength by establishing close connection with nature. It also contributes to the establishment of a harmonious relationship between man and nature. Through the analysis of the relationship between man and nature in the novel, the author thinks that Oates has carried forward the ecological ethics consciousness in the two works. This paper reveals the necessity of harmonious coexistence between man and nature and the responsibility of the whole human being. The interpretation of "We are the Murwinis" and "Paradise on Earth" from the perspective of ecological ethics helps us to better understand ecological ethics and to appreciate Joyce Carol Oates' works.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2176650
[Abstract]:Joyce Carol Oates is one of the outstanding contemporary American women writers. In his more than 40 years of writing career, he has completed more than 50 novels and several short stories, and has won numerous important American literary awards. As his first two novels, Paradise was awarded the Rosenthal Prize, and "We are the Murwinis" topped the New York Times bestseller list when it was published. As early as 1970s, Oates and his works attracted the attention of foreign critics. In recent years, more and more scholars have interpreted his works, but most of them are limited to violence analysis, psychoanalysis and feminism. In the face of the increasingly serious global ecological crisis, ecological ethics, which aims at respecting nature, being kind to life and protecting the environment, has rapidly become a hot topic in academic circles. Giving new ecological connotation and significance to literary works has become an inevitable trend in the development of ecological ethics and literary criticism. From the perspective of ecological ethics, this paper attempts to analyze the two works of Oates, the Paradise on the Earth and the Murwini Family, and find out the ecological ethics thought contained therein. In many works, Oates explores the relationship between man and nature. Among them, the Paradise and the Murwinis reflect her yearning for the past farm life and her boundless yearning for nature. This thesis is composed of five parts. It focuses on the interpretation of ecological ethics criticism of the above two works from the aspect of character analysis, and probes into the strong ecological ethics consciousness shown by the seven characters in the novel. The author first introduces Joyce Carol Oates and the current situation of her research in critical circles, and then explains ecological ethics and its basic theories, including biocentrism, ecocentrism and ecological feminism. And from its early life experience, environmental protection movement and Henry David Thoreau's environmental thought three aspects of combing the source of Oates' own ecological ethics thought, using the relevant theory of ecological ethics, The author further reveals the ecological ethical implications of the two works and focuses on the relationship between man and nature. On the one hand, it analyzes the love and respect for nature shown by the characters in the works, and their responsibility to nature; on the other hand, it reveals the relationship between women and nature, and gains strength by establishing close connection with nature. It also contributes to the establishment of a harmonious relationship between man and nature. Through the analysis of the relationship between man and nature in the novel, the author thinks that Oates has carried forward the ecological ethics consciousness in the two works. This paper reveals the necessity of harmonious coexistence between man and nature and the responsibility of the whole human being. The interpretation of "We are the Murwinis" and "Paradise on Earth" from the perspective of ecological ethics helps us to better understand ecological ethics and to appreciate Joyce Carol Oates' works.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074
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