弗洛伊德视角下的《赫索格》

发布时间：2018-08-12 19:32

【摘要】：评论家已从多方面研究索尔·贝娄的《赫索格》，包括超验主义、现实主义、存在主义等。不论他们的研究从何种角度入手，关注点总是这部小说的主题，即作品主人公的精神历程说明了什么。无论他们怎样解读这些经历，弗洛伊德的理论很少被运用到。这篇论文试图从一个新的角度入手，探索小说主人公的精神历程，如此来为《赫索格》研究提供一种新的方法。通过弗洛伊德的人格结构理论，本文分析赫索格精神历程的三个方面，即其精神病的起因，人格冲突的表现以及将其从中拯救的因素。起初，赫索格拥有一个平衡的人格，但是玛德琳的离开破坏了此平衡。此论文发现其原因有三，一是赫索格与现实的分离，二是玛德琳和瓦伦丁的背叛，三是朋友错误的引导。这篇论文同时探讨分析赫索格人格冲突的三个方面，即持续不断地写信，，不可控制的精神暴力以及死亡焦虑。而且，伴随着赫索格的抗争，这篇论文阐释了解救他脱离困境的因素，包括雷蒙娜对玛德琳的替代、赫索格对家人的爱与责任以及在不断写信过程中自我的平衡。在这次精神历险之后，论文总结出，赫索格不但重新获得了人格的平衡，而且恢复了与现实的联系。因为有了强大的意志，赫索格在勇敢面对物欲横流的现代社会时可以同时保持住自己的良心与人道主义精神。通过分析，这篇论文发现此小说的重要性体现在它对于所有生活在精神贫乏的当今社会的知识分子的启示意义。
[Abstract]:Critics have studied Saul Bellow's Herzog in many ways, including transcendentalism, realism, existentialism, and so on. Whatever the angle of their study, the focus is always on the theme of the novel, that is, what the protagonist's spiritual journey explains. No matter how they interpret these experiences, Freud's theory is very strong. This paper attempts to explore the spiritual process of Herzog from a new perspective, thus providing a new approach to the study of Herzog. Through Freud's theory of personality structure, this paper analyzes three aspects of Herzog's spiritual process, namely, the causes of psychosis, the manifestation of personality conflict and the general. At first, Herzog had a balanced personality, but Madeleine's departure destroyed it. This paper finds three reasons, one is the separation of Herzog from reality, the other is the betrayal of Madeleine and Valentine, the third is the wrong guidance of friends. And, along with Herzog's struggle, this paper explains the factors that saved him from his predicament, including Ramona's replacement for Madeleine, Herzog's love and responsibility for his family, and his self-balance in writing letters. After the adventure, the thesis concludes that Herzog not only regains the balance of personality, but also restores his connection with reality. With strong will, Herzog can keep his conscience and humanism while facing the modern society with the cross-flow of material desires. Sex is reflected in its enlightenment to all intellectuals living in today's spiritually impoverished society.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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