从弗洛姆人本主义精神分析的视角解读《夜色温柔》中异化的自我
发布时间：2018-08-21 20:39
【摘要】：《夜色温柔》是菲茨杰拉德创作的第四部小说,创作了近十年的时间。这部小说中倾注了作者大量的心血,融入了作者对生活热切的期许和对社会的深刻洞察。作者采用了剖析社会弊病的新方法,以新奇的叙事结构,点到为止的讽喻,优美的笔触,使得作品寓意丰富,隽永深刻,是继《了不起的盖茨比》后又一部优秀的小说。十九世纪二十年代的美国,是物质至上,信仰衰落,传统价值崩溃的时代,人们乘着经济和技术的快车,在物质世界奔忙,越来越迷失自我,丧失了正确的方向。尼采关于上帝之死的宣言,达尔文“物竞天择,适者生存”的理论彻底颠覆了人们的信仰,经济的发展和技术的革新加速了社会的自动化、去人性化以及异化。拜金主义、享乐主义、物质主义和消费主义盛行,人们对成功、财富和名誉的追求几近于盲目崇拜。人们普遍遭遇焦灼感,无力感,孤独感和疏离感,自动地为匿名权威所控制,越来越多的人们被异化并迷失了自身。 和菲茨杰拉德本人一样,文中的主人翁热衷于精神分析,同时或多或少倾向于社会主义变革,试图以新的方法解读和重构世界。二十世纪人本主义精神分析学家弗洛姆同时吸收了马克思主义学说和弗洛伊德的观点,形成其独特的人本主义精神分析体系,本文试图从弗洛姆人本主义精神分析的视角出发,通过文中对主要人物的分析,解读作品和作者意图。分析作品中主要人物在社会中被无形的权威所控制,在物质世界逐渐被异化,从而迷失自身,成为“机器人”的过程；分析解读他们被异化的原因,以及主人翁如何找回自我,重构自我的过程。
[Abstract]:Soft Night is Fitzgerald's fourth novel, which has been written for nearly ten years. The novel devoted a great deal of effort to the author's eager expectation of life and profound insight into society. The author adopts a new method of analyzing social maladies, with novel narrative structure, satirical points to the end, graceful strokes, makes the works rich in meaning, meaningful and profound, and is another excellent novel after the Great Gatsby. In the 1820s, the United States was the era of material supremacy, the decline of faith and the collapse of traditional values. People took the fast train of economy and technology to rush in the material world, lost themselves more and more, and lost the right direction. Nietzsche's declaration on the death of God, Darwin's theory of "natural selection, survival of the fittest" completely subverted people's beliefs, economic development and technological innovation accelerated social automation, dehumanization and alienation. Money worship, hedonism, materialism and consumerism prevail, and the pursuit of success, wealth, and fame is almost blind worship. People generally encounter a sense of anxiety, powerlessness, loneliness and alienation, which are automatically controlled by anonymous authority, and more people are alienated and lost. Like Fitzgerald himself, the protagonists are keen on psychoanalysis and are more or less inclined to socialist change, trying to interpret and reconstruct the world in a new way. Fromm, a humanistic psychoanalyst in the 20th century, absorbed both Marxist theory and Freud's view to form his unique humanistic psychoanalysis system. This paper attempts to start from the perspective of Fromm's humanistic psychoanalysis. Through the analysis of the main characters in this paper, the author's intention and works are interpreted. This paper analyzes the process of the main characters in their works being controlled by invisible authority in society and gradually alienated in the material world, thus losing themselves and becoming "robots", analyzing the reasons why they are alienated, and how the masters find themselves. The process of reconstructing yourself.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2196288
[Abstract]:Soft Night is Fitzgerald's fourth novel, which has been written for nearly ten years. The novel devoted a great deal of effort to the author's eager expectation of life and profound insight into society. The author adopts a new method of analyzing social maladies, with novel narrative structure, satirical points to the end, graceful strokes, makes the works rich in meaning, meaningful and profound, and is another excellent novel after the Great Gatsby. In the 1820s, the United States was the era of material supremacy, the decline of faith and the collapse of traditional values. People took the fast train of economy and technology to rush in the material world, lost themselves more and more, and lost the right direction. Nietzsche's declaration on the death of God, Darwin's theory of "natural selection, survival of the fittest" completely subverted people's beliefs, economic development and technological innovation accelerated social automation, dehumanization and alienation. Money worship, hedonism, materialism and consumerism prevail, and the pursuit of success, wealth, and fame is almost blind worship. People generally encounter a sense of anxiety, powerlessness, loneliness and alienation, which are automatically controlled by anonymous authority, and more people are alienated and lost. Like Fitzgerald himself, the protagonists are keen on psychoanalysis and are more or less inclined to socialist change, trying to interpret and reconstruct the world in a new way. Fromm, a humanistic psychoanalyst in the 20th century, absorbed both Marxist theory and Freud's view to form his unique humanistic psychoanalysis system. This paper attempts to start from the perspective of Fromm's humanistic psychoanalysis. Through the analysis of the main characters in this paper, the author's intention and works are interpreted. This paper analyzes the process of the main characters in their works being controlled by invisible authority in society and gradually alienated in the material world, thus losing themselves and becoming "robots", analyzing the reasons why they are alienated, and how the masters find themselves. The process of reconstructing yourself.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074
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