《最蓝的眼睛》中的互文性分析

发布时间：2018-09-16 21:31

【摘要】：托尼·莫里森是1993年诺贝尔文学奖得主,也是美国历史上第一位荣获诺贝尔文学奖的黑人女作家。她的第一部小说《最蓝的眼睛》以作者的家乡俄亥俄州洛伦镇为背景,讲述了黑人小女孩儿佩考拉的悲剧性遭遇。小说中的意象、话语结构和文化冲突等都曾被国内外学者深入探讨过,相比之下,小说中的互文性没有得到较为详尽的论述,本论文拟从互文性的角度对小说进行探讨。首先,论文追溯了互文性理论的发展以及互文性理论在实践中的运用。“互文性”这一概念一直都有争议,本论文是以克里斯蒂娃、热奈特和巴赫金对“互文性”的定义为理论依据而展开。从互文性理论的实践运作来看,文学作品的互文性主要体现为引语、典故、原型、模仿、扭曲、反讽、种类混杂等形式。其次,本文从狭义互文性和广义互文性的角度,着重探究了小说中以戏仿和种类混杂为代表的互文性。-是戏仿。莫里森在小说中通过对儿童读物迪克-珍妮故事以及对布朗案的戏仿,更生动地揭露了黑人的真实生活现状以及黑人在白人文化与黑人文化冲突中的心灵困境,从而质疑了白人权威和大故事,挑战了占统治地位的白人文化的优越性,进而重构了一个反映黑人真实生活的世界。二是语言的拼贴。《最蓝的眼睛》改变了传统小说中作者和主人公的关系,小说中没有一个占绝对优势的主人公,没有一个绝对的、客观的叙述者,而是多个主人公、多个叙述者、多种意识、各种声音一起交错、共存。另外,小说中黑人语言、黑人音乐的穿插、信件与幻觉的铺排、以及大量连字符的随意使用,使整部小说充满狂欢的精神：权威消失,等级世界观破碎,文化中心与边缘关系逆转。最后,论文阐述了戏仿和种类混杂这两种互文手法在小说中的意义。小说中的互文性有助于我们了解黑人的真实生活现状、质疑白人文化的权威,有利于宣扬黑人传统文化之美,从而帮助黑人走出自我憎恨的精神困境,走向爱自己、爱自己的种族和文化之路。
[Abstract]:Tony Morrison was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993 and the first black woman writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature in American history. Her first novel, the Bluest eyes, is set in the author's home town of Loren, Ohio, and tells the tragic story of Peckola, a young black girl. The image, discourse structure and cultural conflict in the novel have been deeply discussed by scholars at home and abroad. In contrast, the intertextuality in the novel has not been discussed in detail. This paper intends to discuss the novel from the perspective of intertextuality. First, the paper traces the development of intertextuality theory and the application of intertextuality theory in practice. The concept of "intertextuality" has always been controversial. This thesis is based on the definition of "intertextuality" by Christina, Genett and Bakhtin. From the practical operation of intertextuality theory, the intertextuality of literary works is mainly embodied in the forms of quotation, allusions, archetypes, imitation, distortion, irony, mixed types and so on. Secondly, from the angle of narrow sense intertextuality and generalized intertextuality, this paper probes into the intertextuality. In his novels, Morrison reveals more vividly the real life of black people and the spiritual dilemma of black people in the conflict between white culture and black culture through the story of Dirk Jenny, a children's book, and the parody of Brown's case. It challenges the superiority of the dominant white culture and reconstructs a world that reflects the real life of black people. Second, the collage of language. "the Bluest eyes" has changed the relationship between the author and the protagonist in the traditional novel. There is not a single dominant protagonist in the novel, there is not an absolute, objective narrator, but a number of protagonists. Multiple narrators, multiple minds, various voices intertwined and coexisted. In addition, the black language, the interweaving of black music, the arrangement of letters and hallucinations, and the random use of a large number of hyphens filled the whole novel with the spirit of revelry: the loss of authority, the fragmentation of hierarchical worldviews, The relationship between cultural center and margin is reversed. Finally, the thesis expounds the significance of the two intertextuals, parody and hybrid. The intertextuality in the novel helps us to understand the real life of the black people, to question the authority of the white culture, to preach the beauty of the black traditional culture, and thus to help the black people out of the spiritual predicament of self-hatred and to love themselves. Love your race and culture.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074

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