劳伦斯长篇小说的伦理学解读
发布时间：2018-10-08 07:16
【摘要】：劳伦斯因其作品中直白大胆的性描写和繁复驳杂的思想而成为20世纪英国文坛上备受争议的一位作家,争议较多地体现在对他作品所表现的道德观和性描写的不同评价上,相关的评论毁誉各半,臧否不一。劳伦斯在自己二十余年的创作生涯中,曾集中精力于长篇小说的创作,其作品的自传性极强,真实地反映了他的伦理观,但这种伦理观又充满了矛盾,这就为探究他的道德理想与道德倾向提供了广阔的空间。 劳伦斯的创作从坚定地批判工业文明开始,扩大到对两性婚姻关系、教育制度、西方国家的政治制度和基督教道德的批判,最终彻底地否定了西方现代文明,主张建立自己的“拉那尼姆”王国,并提出一系列准则,来为他的这一理想“王国”构建提供理论支撑,而这一系列准则也正体现了他的道德伦理观。他与西方现代文明对抗的手段则是借助于非理性、生命本能和对原始力量的自由追求。他极力鼓吹血性意识与人的原始生命本能,从作为生命个体的两性及其相互关系着手,写他们在理性与血性之间的挣扎,写他们的选择及其带来的后果；写个体生命所处的环境,即满目疮痍的自然,物欲横流的社会。面对不容乐观的现实,他追本溯源,认为教育制度束缚了人的个性,让人千篇一律；西方的政治制度外部光鲜,内部腐烂；基督教的道德让人走向虚无,忘记了人之为人的本质……由此构成的现代文明,是由内到外的腐烂与堕落。所以他破除性的禁忌,批判现代教育,揭示西方政治制度的实质,挑战基督教道德的权威性,直至反叛现代文明,最后提出了自己的“拉那尼姆”理想王国。 劳伦斯对现代文明的批判为我们提供了一剂良药,但是过犹不及,他的反叛却走向了另一个极端。他看到了现代文明与理性的弊端,反其道而行之,追求人的非理性与原始自然的生命力,把人类社会已经摒弃的东西重又推上了救世主的地位。也许他的初衷是好的,但造成的不良影响却也不容忽视。对于劳伦斯,我们应该正确看待,不应该简单地认为他的伦理观是完美无缺的,更不应该把诸如“色情狂”、“法西斯主义者”、“男权主义者”之类的恶名一股脑加在他身上,而应该有批判地接受,有甄别地选择,还原一个真实的劳伦斯。
[Abstract]:Lawrence has become a controversial writer in English literary circles in the 20th century because of his frank and bold sexual description and complicated thoughts. The controversy is reflected in the different evaluation of morality and sexual description of his works. The related comments are divided into two parts, but there is no difference between them. In his more than twenty years of writing career, Lawrence has concentrated on the creation of novels. His works are highly autobiographical and truly reflect his ethics, but this kind of ethics is full of contradictions. This provides a broad space for exploring his moral ideals and tendencies. Lawrence's creation began with a firm critique of industrial civilization, and expanded to critique the marriage relationship between the sexes, the educational system, the political system of the western countries and Christian morality, and finally completely negated the western modern civilization. He advocates the establishment of his own "Rananim" kingdom, and puts forward a series of rules to provide theoretical support for the construction of his ideal "kingdom", which embodies his moral and ethical views. His means of confrontation with modern Western civilization is the aid of irrationality, life instinct and the free pursuit of primitive power. He strongly advocated the bloody consciousness and the primitive life instinct of human beings, starting with the two sexes as living individuals and their mutual relations, writing about their struggle between reason and blood, their choices and their consequences. Write about the environment in which the individual lives, that is, the scarred nature, the society. Faced with the unoptimistic reality, he traced back to the source, saying that the educational system fetters people's individuality and makes them uniform; the western political system is exuberant and internal decay; and the Christian morality makes people go to nothingness. Forget the essence of being human. The modern civilization formed from this is the decay and depravity from inside to outside. So he broke the taboo of nature, criticized modern education, revealed the essence of western political system, challenged the authority of Christian morality until he rebelled against modern civilization, and finally put forward his ideal kingdom of "Rananim". Lawrence's critique of modern civilization provided us with a good medicine, but his rebellion went to the other extreme. He saw the malpractice of modern civilization and reason, went in the opposite direction, pursued human irrationality and the vitality of primitive nature, and pushed back to the status of savior what had been abandoned in human society. Perhaps his original intention is good, but the bad effects can not be ignored. For Lawrence, we should look at it correctly, not simply think that his ethics is perfect, let alone "sex maniac", "fascist", The malevolence of "patriarchs" should be applied to him with critical acceptance, selective selection, and restoration of a true Lawrence.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074
本文编号：2255895
[Abstract]:Lawrence has become a controversial writer in English literary circles in the 20th century because of his frank and bold sexual description and complicated thoughts. The controversy is reflected in the different evaluation of morality and sexual description of his works. The related comments are divided into two parts, but there is no difference between them. In his more than twenty years of writing career, Lawrence has concentrated on the creation of novels. His works are highly autobiographical and truly reflect his ethics, but this kind of ethics is full of contradictions. This provides a broad space for exploring his moral ideals and tendencies. Lawrence's creation began with a firm critique of industrial civilization, and expanded to critique the marriage relationship between the sexes, the educational system, the political system of the western countries and Christian morality, and finally completely negated the western modern civilization. He advocates the establishment of his own "Rananim" kingdom, and puts forward a series of rules to provide theoretical support for the construction of his ideal "kingdom", which embodies his moral and ethical views. His means of confrontation with modern Western civilization is the aid of irrationality, life instinct and the free pursuit of primitive power. He strongly advocated the bloody consciousness and the primitive life instinct of human beings, starting with the two sexes as living individuals and their mutual relations, writing about their struggle between reason and blood, their choices and their consequences. Write about the environment in which the individual lives, that is, the scarred nature, the society. Faced with the unoptimistic reality, he traced back to the source, saying that the educational system fetters people's individuality and makes them uniform; the western political system is exuberant and internal decay; and the Christian morality makes people go to nothingness. Forget the essence of being human. The modern civilization formed from this is the decay and depravity from inside to outside. So he broke the taboo of nature, criticized modern education, revealed the essence of western political system, challenged the authority of Christian morality until he rebelled against modern civilization, and finally put forward his ideal kingdom of "Rananim". Lawrence's critique of modern civilization provided us with a good medicine, but his rebellion went to the other extreme. He saw the malpractice of modern civilization and reason, went in the opposite direction, pursued human irrationality and the vitality of primitive nature, and pushed back to the status of savior what had been abandoned in human society. Perhaps his original intention is good, but the bad effects can not be ignored. For Lawrence, we should look at it correctly, not simply think that his ethics is perfect, let alone "sex maniac", "fascist", The malevolence of "patriarchs" should be applied to him with critical acceptance, selective selection, and restoration of a true Lawrence.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 蒋明明;劳伦斯笔下的妇女[J];外国文学研究;1989年01期
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