亚里士多德修辞学视角下分析《动物农
发布时间：2018-10-16 17:36
【摘要】：乔治·奥威尔（1903-1950）是20世纪最具有政治影响力的作家。他洞察力敏锐，文笔犀利。自1936年起，他的作品都直接或间接的指向了极权主义。其中，1945年于英国首次出版的《动物庄园》影响力巨大，，堪称世界文坛史上最著名的政治讽喻小说。而最引人注意的是奥威尔强调了极权主义利用语言的力量愚弄操控了人民，因此本论文旨在以修辞学的角度来剖析《动物庄园》中“政客”们进行的政治宣传。 运用亚里士多德的《修辞术》理论中的三个角度来具体分析《动物庄园》中的动物“政客”们是如何利用修辞术的：第一章解析“政客”们如何利用三种诉诸，即采用人品诉诸、情感诉诸和理性诉诸来煽动农场民众；第二章分析“政客”们如何针对不同观众制定三种演讲方式，即利用法学演讲、议政演讲和宣德礼仪演讲来为其统治辩护；第三章分析“政客”们如何开展五个准备阶段（取材、布局谋篇、文体风格、记忆和演讲技巧）来宣传操控动物民众。 最后本文得出结论，《动物庄园》中的“政客”们成功利用了修辞术一步一步进行政治宣传，达到了极权主义剥夺大众话语权的目的。而大众面对谎言，也只是接受和无奈。在《我为何而写作》中，奥威尔曾经说过“我之所以写一部书，并不是要加工一部艺术品，而是因为我有谎言要揭露”。这也是本论文的目的，即从亚里士多德的《修辞术》角度更深层次解读奥威尔对政治谎言的揭露。
[Abstract]:George Orwell (1903-1950) was the most politically influential writer of the 20 th century. He is perceptive and sharp in writing. Since 1936, his works have been directed directly or indirectly towards totalitarianism. Among them, Animal Farm, first published in Britain in 1945, is one of the most famous political allegorical novels in the history of the world. What is most remarkable is that Orwell emphasizes that totalitarianism uses the power of language to fool and manipulate the people, so this paper aims to analyze the political propaganda of "politicians" in Animal Farm from a rhetorical perspective. Using the three angles of Aristotle's rhetoric theory, this paper analyzes how the animal "politicians" in Animal Farm make use of rhetoric: the first chapter analyzes how "politicians" make use of three kinds of appeal. The second chapter analyzes how "politicians" develop three kinds of speech methods for different audiences, that is, the use of legal speech. The third chapter analyzes how "politicians" carry out five preparation stages (material selection, layout, stylistic style, memory and speech skills) to promote the manipulation of animals. Finally, this paper draws a conclusion that the politicians in Animal Farm have successfully used rhetoric to carry out political propaganda step by step, thus achieving the goal of totalitarianism depriving the public of the right to speak. And the public face lies, but also accept and helpless. In Why I write, Orwell once said, "the reason I write a book is not to make a work of art, but because I have a lie to expose." This is the purpose of this thesis, that is to interpret Orwell's revelation of political lies from Aristotle's rhetoric.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074
本文编号：2275133
[Abstract]:George Orwell (1903-1950) was the most politically influential writer of the 20 th century. He is perceptive and sharp in writing. Since 1936, his works have been directed directly or indirectly towards totalitarianism. Among them, Animal Farm, first published in Britain in 1945, is one of the most famous political allegorical novels in the history of the world. What is most remarkable is that Orwell emphasizes that totalitarianism uses the power of language to fool and manipulate the people, so this paper aims to analyze the political propaganda of "politicians" in Animal Farm from a rhetorical perspective. Using the three angles of Aristotle's rhetoric theory, this paper analyzes how the animal "politicians" in Animal Farm make use of rhetoric: the first chapter analyzes how "politicians" make use of three kinds of appeal. The second chapter analyzes how "politicians" develop three kinds of speech methods for different audiences, that is, the use of legal speech. The third chapter analyzes how "politicians" carry out five preparation stages (material selection, layout, stylistic style, memory and speech skills) to promote the manipulation of animals. Finally, this paper draws a conclusion that the politicians in Animal Farm have successfully used rhetoric to carry out political propaganda step by step, thus achieving the goal of totalitarianism depriving the public of the right to speak. And the public face lies, but also accept and helpless. In Why I write, Orwell once said, "the reason I write a book is not to make a work of art, but because I have a lie to expose." This is the purpose of this thesis, that is to interpret Orwell's revelation of political lies from Aristotle's rhetoric.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074
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本文编号：2275133
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