论《耻》中的后殖民创伤
发布时间：2018-11-02 15:17
【摘要】：约翰马克斯韦尔库切作为一个在南非生长起来的白人作家，在2003年荣膺诺贝尔文学奖。小说《耻》为库切带来了国际声誉，但同时也使他受到了强烈的批评。小说以后种族隔离时代的南非为背景，描写了作品中南非黑人和白人面对权力和地位的变更以及南非种族隔离政策废除后的社会现状，产生的种种精神困惑和生存困境。 本文意在后殖民语境下，运用加布丽埃·施瓦布、露丝·利思、朱迪思·刘易斯·赫尔曼等人的有关创伤与治疗理论来分析小说中主要人物的创伤经历及其原因，以此解读出在南非后种族隔离时期的黑人和白人作为“牺牲品”的身份如何发生置换，并涉及创伤复原之可能性。 论文分为六个部分。引言部分主要对库切的生平及其作品《耻》作了简要介绍，此外，通过对小说国内外研究现状的分析，确定本文的研究视角。第二章以创伤理论的基本概念为框架搭建了本文的理论框架，涉及创伤理论的发展，以及创伤理论同文学的关系。第三章通过文本细读，探讨了被殖民者的集体创伤，以及后殖民时代殖民者后代的创伤经历和症状，并以此说明作品反映出的人类生存状况问题。第四章深度分析了造成创伤的历史社会根源。第五章探讨作品中不同身份的角色如何通过自身的努力来治愈创伤，以及政府成立的真相与和解委员会之所作所为及其功效。最后结论部分指出只有通过后殖民主义角度对《耻》进行创伤解读，，才能揭示在去殖民化时代，殖民主义对殖民者与被殖民者所造成的创伤具有同构性。本文认为创伤不是轻易能愈合的，它需要白人黑人共同的努力探索创伤复原的可能，人类历史才能摆脱暴力的轮回。
[Abstract]:John Maxwell Cutcher, a white writer who grew up in South Africa, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2003. The novel "shame" brought Kuchet an international reputation, but also made him strongly criticized. In the context of South Africa after the apartheid era, the novel describes the spiritual confusion and survival dilemma of the black and white South Africans in the face of the change of power and status and the social situation after the abolition of the apartheid policy in South Africa. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the traumatic experiences and the causes of the main characters in the novel by using the theories of trauma and treatment by Gabrielle Schwab, Ruth Leith, Judith Lewis Herman and others in the post-colonial context. This explains how black and white people in the post-apartheid era of South Africa changed their identities as "victims" and involved the possibility of recovery from trauma. The paper is divided into six parts. The introduction mainly introduces Kuche's life and his works "shame". In addition, through the analysis of the domestic and foreign research situation of the novel, the author determines the research angle of this article. The second chapter takes the basic concept of trauma theory as the framework to set up the theoretical framework of this paper, involving the development of trauma theory, and the relationship between trauma theory and literature. The third chapter discusses the collective trauma of the colonized people and the traumatic experiences and symptoms of the descendants of the colonists in the post-colonial era through a close reading of the text and explains the problems of human survival reflected in the works. The fourth chapter deeply analyzes the historical and social causes of trauma. Chapter five explores how the characters of different identities in the works can heal the wounds through their own efforts, as well as the actions and efficacy of the truth and reconciliation commission set up by the government. The last part of the conclusion points out that only through the post-colonial perspective of trauma interpretation of "shame", can it be revealed that in the era of decolonization, colonialism has the same structure on the trauma caused by the colonists and the colonized people. This paper argues that trauma is not easy to heal, it needs white blacks to work together to explore the possibility of wound recovery, human history can escape the cycle of violence.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I478.074
本文编号：2306169
[Abstract]:John Maxwell Cutcher, a white writer who grew up in South Africa, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2003. The novel "shame" brought Kuchet an international reputation, but also made him strongly criticized. In the context of South Africa after the apartheid era, the novel describes the spiritual confusion and survival dilemma of the black and white South Africans in the face of the change of power and status and the social situation after the abolition of the apartheid policy in South Africa. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the traumatic experiences and the causes of the main characters in the novel by using the theories of trauma and treatment by Gabrielle Schwab, Ruth Leith, Judith Lewis Herman and others in the post-colonial context. This explains how black and white people in the post-apartheid era of South Africa changed their identities as "victims" and involved the possibility of recovery from trauma. The paper is divided into six parts. The introduction mainly introduces Kuche's life and his works "shame". In addition, through the analysis of the domestic and foreign research situation of the novel, the author determines the research angle of this article. The second chapter takes the basic concept of trauma theory as the framework to set up the theoretical framework of this paper, involving the development of trauma theory, and the relationship between trauma theory and literature. The third chapter discusses the collective trauma of the colonized people and the traumatic experiences and symptoms of the descendants of the colonists in the post-colonial era through a close reading of the text and explains the problems of human survival reflected in the works. The fourth chapter deeply analyzes the historical and social causes of trauma. Chapter five explores how the characters of different identities in the works can heal the wounds through their own efforts, as well as the actions and efficacy of the truth and reconciliation commission set up by the government. The last part of the conclusion points out that only through the post-colonial perspective of trauma interpretation of "shame", can it be revealed that in the era of decolonization, colonialism has the same structure on the trauma caused by the colonists and the colonized people. This paper argues that trauma is not easy to heal, it needs white blacks to work together to explore the possibility of wound recovery, human history can escape the cycle of violence.
【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I478.074
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