互文性、女性主义及生态主义视域下的《暮光之城》研究
发布时间：2018-11-04 16:01
【摘要】：斯蒂芬妮·梅尔是美国当代著名作家，《暮光之城》系列小说是其代表作品。本文将焦点放在该系列的第一部小说—《暮光之城》，从互文性、女性主义和生态批评等视角对其进行解读分析。表面上看来，这部小说讲述的是一个爱情故事，发生在一个杰出的吸血鬼和一个漂亮的年轻女孩子之间。小说引入了很多诸如吸血鬼、狼人等奇幻元素，这会让人很容易联系到魔幻现实主义。但是通过对小说认真细致的阅读后，一个现状呈现出来，那就是在剔除掉所有繁琐的细节后，这部小说所剩下的是童话骨架：能力强大且英俊的男主角邂逅美丽无助的女主角并勇敢的将她从危险中拯救出来，他们彼此相爱，从此幸福快乐的生活在一起。这种情节及角色设定极其类似于传统童话，只不过将场景搬到了现代美国。因此，本文将采用瓦内萨·乔斯所提出的名称“童话重写”来评析该作品。论文第一章首先从超文本性的角度着重介绍该小说与经典传统童话的关系，详细分析它的多个童话前文本，其中包括著名的《灰姑娘》、《白雪公主》；同时将小说与瓦内萨·乔斯总结出的“童话重写”七大新特征相对比。揭示出并非所有的“童话重写”都具有这些新特征，像《暮光之城》一样，一部“童话重写”作品可以同时具备部分新特征又遵守传统童话的一些惯例。 考虑到《暮光之城》是一个现代版童话，它就必然会有着传统童话最常见的一个特征，那就是童话故事都代表着男权主义。许多女权主义者认为《暮光之城》的女主角也是叙述者伊莎贝拉·玛丽·斯旺就像一个寄生虫一样所有事情都依赖于男性，这些批评也并非毫无根据。通过分析小说发现，伊莎贝拉在很多方面都遵循着传统性别角色的界定，但与此同时她又一直在努力争取独立，想成为自己的主人。表面上伊莎贝拉具有自相矛盾的人格，但是事实上她正好符合了洛伊斯·泰森所提出的“觉醒中的男权主义影响下的女人”的特征。因而，论文第二章着重分析伊莎贝拉如何在自己并未意识到的情况下一边遵照着传统性别角色的原则，一边试图打破男权的枷锁、走出男性支配的阴影。 事实上，伊莎贝拉不仅内化了男权主义界定的规则，同时也在无意识间采用了一般的标准去评判吸血鬼的善与恶。作为一部典型的吸血鬼小说，暮光之城同样包含有两类吸血鬼—邪恶者与善良者。前者是依靠猎杀人类为生，在此过程中，他们并不直接将被捕食者杀死，而是像猫对待所抓到的老鼠一样先捉弄他们，将捕食当成是一场游戏。后者不伤害人类，只是猎杀动物，但值得注意的是他们跟邪恶的一类一样也是在杀死猎物前捉弄它们，以此为乐。据此，，第三章从动物解放主义的角度出发去重新界定善与恶。通过分析可得知，这些所谓善良的吸血鬼事实上非常残忍，他们对待猎物的心态跟邪恶的吸血鬼绝无两样。
[Abstract]:Stephanie Mayer is a famous contemporary American writer. This paper focuses on the first novel in the series, Twilight, and analyzes it from the perspectives of intertextuality, feminism and ecological criticism. On the face of it, the novel tells a love story between an outstanding vampire and a beautiful young girl. The novel introduces a lot of fantasy elements such as vampires, werewolves and so on, which makes it easy to relate to magic realism. But after careful reading of the novel, a reality emerged, that is, after eliminating all the details, What remains of the novel is the fairy tale skeleton: the powerful and handsome hero meets the beautiful helpless actress and bravely saves her from danger. They love each other and live happily ever after. This plot and character setting is very similar to traditional fairy tales, but moves the scene to modern America. Therefore, this paper will use Vanessa Joyce's name "rewriting of Fairy Tales" to evaluate this work. The first chapter first introduces the relationship between the novel and the classical traditional fairy tales from the perspective of hypertext, and analyzes in detail several pre-fairy tales, including the famous Cinderella and Snow White. At the same time, the novel is compared with the seven new features of "rewriting of Fairy Tales" summarized by Vanessa Joss. It is revealed that not all "fairy tale rewriting" has these new features. Like Twilight, a "fairy tale rewriting" works can have some new features at the same time and obey some conventions of traditional fairy tales. Considering that Twilight is a modern version of a fairy tale, it is bound to have one of the most common features of traditional fairy tales, that is, fairy tales represent male chauvinism. Many feminists say that Twilight's heroine and narrator Isabella Mary Swan relies on men for everything like a parasite, and these criticisms are not groundless. Through the analysis of the novel, it is found that Isabella follows the traditional definition of gender roles in many ways, but at the same time, she has been striving for independence to become her own master. Isabella has a paradoxical personality on the surface, but in fact she is in line with Lois Tyson's characteristic of "woman under the influence of patriarchal awakening". Therefore, chapter two focuses on how Isabella tries to break the yoke of male power and walk out of the shadow of male domination while obeying the principle of traditional gender roles. In fact, Isabella not only internalizes the rules of patriarchal definition, but also unconsciously adopts general criteria to judge the good and evil of vampires. As a typical vampire novel, Twilight also contains two kinds of vampires-the evil and the good. In the process, they do not kill their prey directly, but play with them like cats and treat them as a game. The latter do not harm humans, but only kill animals, but it is worth noting that they, like the evil kind, play with them before killing their prey. Accordingly, the third chapter redefines good and evil from the angle of animal liberalism. The analysis shows that these so-called good vampires are in fact very cruel and treat their prey in the same way as evil vampires.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074
本文编号：2310359
[Abstract]:Stephanie Mayer is a famous contemporary American writer. This paper focuses on the first novel in the series, Twilight, and analyzes it from the perspectives of intertextuality, feminism and ecological criticism. On the face of it, the novel tells a love story between an outstanding vampire and a beautiful young girl. The novel introduces a lot of fantasy elements such as vampires, werewolves and so on, which makes it easy to relate to magic realism. But after careful reading of the novel, a reality emerged, that is, after eliminating all the details, What remains of the novel is the fairy tale skeleton: the powerful and handsome hero meets the beautiful helpless actress and bravely saves her from danger. They love each other and live happily ever after. This plot and character setting is very similar to traditional fairy tales, but moves the scene to modern America. Therefore, this paper will use Vanessa Joyce's name "rewriting of Fairy Tales" to evaluate this work. The first chapter first introduces the relationship between the novel and the classical traditional fairy tales from the perspective of hypertext, and analyzes in detail several pre-fairy tales, including the famous Cinderella and Snow White. At the same time, the novel is compared with the seven new features of "rewriting of Fairy Tales" summarized by Vanessa Joss. It is revealed that not all "fairy tale rewriting" has these new features. Like Twilight, a "fairy tale rewriting" works can have some new features at the same time and obey some conventions of traditional fairy tales. Considering that Twilight is a modern version of a fairy tale, it is bound to have one of the most common features of traditional fairy tales, that is, fairy tales represent male chauvinism. Many feminists say that Twilight's heroine and narrator Isabella Mary Swan relies on men for everything like a parasite, and these criticisms are not groundless. Through the analysis of the novel, it is found that Isabella follows the traditional definition of gender roles in many ways, but at the same time, she has been striving for independence to become her own master. Isabella has a paradoxical personality on the surface, but in fact she is in line with Lois Tyson's characteristic of "woman under the influence of patriarchal awakening". Therefore, chapter two focuses on how Isabella tries to break the yoke of male power and walk out of the shadow of male domination while obeying the principle of traditional gender roles. In fact, Isabella not only internalizes the rules of patriarchal definition, but also unconsciously adopts general criteria to judge the good and evil of vampires. As a typical vampire novel, Twilight also contains two kinds of vampires-the evil and the good. In the process, they do not kill their prey directly, but play with them like cats and treat them as a game. The latter do not harm humans, but only kill animals, but it is worth noting that they, like the evil kind, play with them before killing their prey. Accordingly, the third chapter redefines good and evil from the angle of animal liberalism. The analysis shows that these so-called good vampires are in fact very cruel and treat their prey in the same way as evil vampires.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I712.074
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本文编号：2310359
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