高尔基的中后期短篇小说研究
发布时间：2019-01-17 08:55
【摘要】：马克西姆·高尔基是20世纪俄苏文学史上一位重要的作家。他以其自传体三部曲、《母亲》等作品享誉世界。短篇小说在他的创作中占据着重要的地位,他的一生曾创作了230余篇短篇小说。长期以来,学者们主要研究的都是高尔基的长篇小说以及其早期的短篇小说,而较少的关注其中后期的短篇小说。本文试图通过研究其中后期短篇小说集《罗斯游记》、《俄罗斯童话》、《1922-1924年短篇小说集》、《日记片段》来分析其短篇小说的主题和艺术特色,并探索影响高尔基中后期短篇小说创作的因素。 1905年革命失败后,高尔基意识到俄国小市民阶级在这次革命中的表现是这次革命失败的重要原因之一。他发现,千百年来形成的一些观念、成见、习惯等与民族文化心理弱点结合在一起,已经拖慢了民族发展的步伐。1917年革命之后,社会上出现了一系列的暴力以及破坏文化的行为。高尔基认为俄罗斯民族文化心态的弱点在这一时期全部都暴露出来了。两次革命坚定了高尔基研究俄罗斯国民性的信念。从1905年开始,他接过契诃夫批判国民文化心态这一旗帜,继承了谢德林的讽刺传统,根据自己的亲身经历创作了这几本短篇小说集。在这些作品中,高尔基运用现实主义的手法,用“我”这一形象讲述着“极其讨厌的故事”,描写了俄罗斯人民的愚昧、野蛮、反文化等国民性的弱点,描述俄罗斯国民性的弱点拖慢了俄罗斯历史发展的步这一事实,呼吁人们正视生活,提高自身的文化素养。
[Abstract]:Maxim Gorky is an important writer in the history of Russian and Soviet literature in the 20 th century. He is famous all over the world for his autobiographical trilogy, Mother, etc. Short story occupies an important position in his creation. He has written more than 230 short stories in his life. For a long time, scholars have mainly studied Gorky's novels and his early short stories, but less attention has been paid to the later short stories. This paper attempts to analyze the theme and artistic characteristics of his short stories by studying the collection of short stories in the later period, the Journey of Ross, the Russian Fairy Tales, the Collection of short stories from 1922 to 1924, and the Diary fragments. And explore the factors that affect Gorky's short story creation in the middle and late period. After the failure of the revolution in 1905, Gorky realized that the performance of the Russian class in the revolution was one of the important reasons for the failure of the revolution. He found that the combination of ideas, stereotypes, habits, and so on formed over the centuries with the psychological weaknesses of national culture has slowed the pace of national development. After the 1917 revolution, There has been a series of violence and cultural destruction in society. Gorky believes that the weaknesses of the Russian national cultural mentality in this period all exposed. The two revolutions strengthened Gorky's belief in the study of Russian national character. From 1905, he took the banner of Chekhov's criticism of the national cultural mentality, inherited the satirical tradition of Shedrin, and created the collection of short stories according to his own experience. In these works, Gorky uses the realistic technique, uses the image "I" to tell the "extremely disgusting story", has described the Russian people's ignorance, the barbarity, the counter-culture and so on national character weakness, Describing the weakness of Russian national character has slowed down the development of Russian history and called on people to face up to life and improve their cultural literacy.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I512.074
本文编号：2409836
[Abstract]:Maxim Gorky is an important writer in the history of Russian and Soviet literature in the 20 th century. He is famous all over the world for his autobiographical trilogy, Mother, etc. Short story occupies an important position in his creation. He has written more than 230 short stories in his life. For a long time, scholars have mainly studied Gorky's novels and his early short stories, but less attention has been paid to the later short stories. This paper attempts to analyze the theme and artistic characteristics of his short stories by studying the collection of short stories in the later period, the Journey of Ross, the Russian Fairy Tales, the Collection of short stories from 1922 to 1924, and the Diary fragments. And explore the factors that affect Gorky's short story creation in the middle and late period. After the failure of the revolution in 1905, Gorky realized that the performance of the Russian class in the revolution was one of the important reasons for the failure of the revolution. He found that the combination of ideas, stereotypes, habits, and so on formed over the centuries with the psychological weaknesses of national culture has slowed the pace of national development. After the 1917 revolution, There has been a series of violence and cultural destruction in society. Gorky believes that the weaknesses of the Russian national cultural mentality in this period all exposed. The two revolutions strengthened Gorky's belief in the study of Russian national character. From 1905, he took the banner of Chekhov's criticism of the national cultural mentality, inherited the satirical tradition of Shedrin, and created the collection of short stories according to his own experience. In these works, Gorky uses the realistic technique, uses the image "I" to tell the "extremely disgusting story", has described the Russian people's ignorance, the barbarity, the counter-culture and so on national character weakness, Describing the weakness of Russian national character has slowed down the development of Russian history and called on people to face up to life and improve their cultural literacy.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I512.074
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 邱运华;中国高尔基学的发展历程——中国高尔基学的建立与陈寿朋先生的高尔基研究[J];内蒙古师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2003年01期
2 李建刚;;俄罗斯的高尔基研究近况[J];外国文学动态;2010年05期
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