《黑暗的心》的文体分析

发布时间：2019-02-27 08:12

【摘要】：《黑暗的心》作为约瑟夫·康拉德杰作之一,是殖民时代的一个关键文档,同时,它的简明清晰,充满活力以及文体魅力引起了读者的极大兴趣和赞赏，也吸引了许多批评者去挖掘其无与伦比的魅力。这篇文章将采用里奇与肖恩的《小说文体论:英语小说的文体学入门》一书中的方法对小说的语言做出一个相对全面、客观的分析。作者将从四方面对这部小说进行文体分析，即词汇范畴,语法范畴,修辞,连贯和语境。通过这样一个具体的文体分析,作者旨在解释小说如何通过作者对语言的选择来揭示主题意义，具体研究内容如下：一、小说中描写人物的语言在这四方面有哪些文体特征；二、小说中描写事物的语言在这四方面有哪些文体特征；三、小说是如何通过特定的语言呈现主题意义的。针对这些研究问题，本文通过从文体学角度分析和说明《黑暗的心》得出了如下结论。小说中描写人物的语言，就词汇来说，名词、动词、形容词、副词出现频率相当；就语法来说，介词短语突出、长短句变换明显、短句突出重点；就修辞来说，较之于明喻和暗喻,重复和平行结构略显频繁；就连贯和语境来说，人称代词大量使用、词汇与句法重复特征明显。小说中描写事物的语言，就词汇来说，，名词和形容词突出；就语法来说，长句数量远远胜过短句、介词短语突出、且句子复杂性几乎源于介词的使用；就修辞来说，明喻、暗喻及类似结构非常多；就连贯和语境来说，分号、定冠词及并列连词的使用最为明显。总的来说，小说的主题主要是通过大量的与黑暗和死亡相联系的词汇及修辞体现的。通过运用这一文体分析模式解释和欣赏文学作品，我们能够更深刻、透彻地理解作品的语言和主题。因此将文体学引入到文学解读和欣赏之中是非常有用和必要的。此外，它不仅可以加深我们对普通语言学理论的全面了解及深入运用,而且为我们提供了一种欣赏小说的新途径。
[Abstract]:As one of Joseph Conrad's masterpieces, the Heart of Darkness is a key document of the colonial era. At the same time, its simplicity, clarity, vitality, and stylistic charm have aroused great interest and appreciation from readers. It has also attracted many critics to tap into its unparalleled charm. This article will make a relatively comprehensive and objective analysis of the language of the novel by using the methods of Richie and Shawn's Fiction Stylistics: an introduction to Stylistics in English Fiction. The author will make a stylistic analysis of the novel from four aspects: lexical category, grammatical category, rhetoric, coherence and context. Through such a specific stylistic analysis, the author aims to explain how the novel reveals the thematic significance through the author's choice of language. The specific research contents are as follows: first, what stylistic features are there in the four aspects of the language describing the characters in the novel; Second, what are the stylistic features of the language describing things in these four aspects; third, how does the novel present its thematic meaning through specific language. Based on the stylistic analysis and explanation of "Heart of Darkness", the following conclusions are drawn in this paper. In terms of words, nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs appear in the same frequency; in grammatical terms, prepositional phrases are prominent, long and short sentences change clearly, and short sentences highlight the emphasis; As far as rhetoric is concerned, compared with metaphor and metaphor, repetition and parallel structures are slightly more frequent; in terms of coherence and context, personal pronouns are widely used, and lexical and syntactic repetition features are obvious. In terms of vocabulary, nouns and adjectives are prominent; in grammatical terms, long sentences outnumber short sentences, prepositional phrases are prominent, and sentence complexity is almost due to the use of prepositions; As far as rhetoric is concerned, metaphor, metaphor and similar structures are very many; in terms of coherence and context, the use of semicolons, definite articles and juxtaposed conjunctions is most obvious. In general, the theme of the novel is mainly reflected by a large number of words and rhetoric related to darkness and death. Through the use of this stylistic analysis model to interpret and appreciate literary works, we can more deeply and thoroughly understand the language and theme of the works. Therefore, it is very useful and necessary to introduce stylistics into literary interpretation and appreciation. In addition, it can not only deepen our comprehensive understanding and deep application of the general linguistic theory, but also provide us with a new way to appreciate the novel.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：I561.074

【相似文献】