河南省部分中学学生生物科学素养调查及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-01-06 21:31

本文关键词：河南省部分中学学生生物科学素养调查及影响因素分析　出处：《河南师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着时代的发展,生命科学与生活息息相关,生物科学素养不仅仅是一门学科的发展,也是学生踏入社会所需要培养的能力。在培养与提高的过程中,评价学生的生物科学素养具有导向作用。PISA作为国际上权威性的科学素养评估项目,既有完整且高效公正的评估体系,在国内也有相当大的影响,本研究选择国际学生评估项目(PISA)中与生物学密切相关的测试题,在河南省部分中学中进行生物科学素养调查研究,参照PISA科学素养的六个能力水平等级对学生的生物科学素养水平和影响因素进行分析。本次测试试卷内容涵盖了内容性知识、程序性知识和认知性知识,包括细胞、传染病极其预防、免疫,生物多样性,细菌、病毒、抗生素,光合作用、动物的行为,人体的呼吸系统,生物的进化、遗传与变异等,覆盖了中学生物教材的80%以上。试卷发放500份,有效回收460份,有效回收率为92%为研究提供了数据支持。通过测试和数据的分析得出最高水平6级水平的学生约为9.78%,最低水平1级学生约为4.89%。其中选择题的满分率基本都在60%以上,复合式选择题满分率有所浮动,问答题的满分率在50%以上,对于题型的区别和难度学生的表现不同。就整体而言大部分学生的能力在4级水平以上,能够识别复杂的科学情境并根据证据做出一定的解释。其中少部分学生的生物科学素养水平有待提高。影响因素上性别不同的学生在测试中并未表现出显著地差别,在问答题表现上,女生在识别科学议题方面具有更大的优势,男生对于科学某些现象的解释略有优势。在学校层次上,学校类型与学生生物科学素养呈显著性相关,学校条件越好,学生表现出来的生物科学素养越高。由此提出在生物教学过程中,对于学生的学习态度和兴趣应该增强培养力度,强化学生的学习信念,转化他们的被动学习为主动学习,教材内容的形式和编排多样化,教学资源的多元化,在学生之间创造更多交流机会,提升学习效率。完善评价制度,优化培养方案。
[Abstract]:With the development of life science and life, biological science literacy is not only the development of a discipline, but also need to cultivate students into the ability of society. In the process of cultivating and improving the students' scientific literacy, biological evaluation plays a guiding role for.PISA project evaluation for the international authoritative scientific literacy, both a complete and efficient and fair evaluation system, also has considerable influence in the country, this research chooses the programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is closely related to the test and research in biology, biology scientific literacy survey in some middle schools in Henan Province, according to the six factors of PISA scientific literacy ability level of students the biological scientific literacy level and influence were analyzed. The test covers the content of knowledge, procedural knowledge and cognitive knowledge, including cells, infectious diseases is pre Anti immune, biodiversity, bacteria, viruses, antibiotics, photosynthesis, animal behavior, human respiratory system, biological evolution, heredity and variation, covers more than the middle school biology textbooks 80%. Papers issued 500 copies, 460 effective questionnaires, the effective recovery rate was 92% provides data support for the study the highest level of level 6. Through the analysis of the test data and the students is about 9.78%, the lowest level of students in Grade 1 is about 4.89%. the choice out of the basic rate above 60%, the composite choice out rate fluctuate, questions out at a rate above 50%, the difference and difficulty of questions for students the performance is different. Most of the students' overall ability in more than 4 levels, to identify complex scientific situations and make some explanation according to the evidence. The biological science literacy level few students need to be improved. The influencing factors on the different gender students in the test did not show significant differences, in the quiz performance, the girls have more advantages in identifying scientific issues, scientific explanation for some phenomena of the boys slightly advantage. In the school level, school type was significantly correlated with biological science literacy, school conditions the better, the biological scientific literacy of students show higher. This paper in the biological teaching process, the students' learning attitude and interest should strengthen the training efforts, strengthen students' learning beliefs, transforming their passive learning into active learning, teaching content and arrangement form diversification, diversification of teaching resources, create more opportunities for exchange among the students, improve the learning efficiency. To improve the evaluation system, optimize the training program.

【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.91

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