青少年批判性思维倾向的结构、测量及影响因素

发布时间：2018-01-13 22:19

本文关键词：青少年批判性思维倾向的结构、测量及影响因素　出处：《温州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：批判性思维倾向是个体在思维过程中表现出与质疑、判断、评价、反省相关的稳定的心理品质。青少年处于思维的形式运算阶段,对其进行批判性思维倾向的培养非常重要,而研究需要有效的测评工具,因此有必要编制本土的青少年批判性思维倾向问卷。本研究在文献分析和访谈的基础上,采用问卷测量等实证方法,开展以下研究:(1)青少年批判性思维倾向的结构探索。通过对三所中学的学生和老师进行访谈和开放式问卷调查,对收集的资料编码和归类成关键词。采用社会效度的方法,调查青少年批判性思维倾向内隐观,经因素分析,得出青少年批判性思维倾向的五个因素,即敏感性、自觉性、求真性、开放性、怀疑性,确立了青少年批判性思维倾向的结构。(2)青少年批判性思维倾向问卷的编制。依据之前确立的结构,形成青少年批判性思维倾向初始问卷,在对青少年进行调查的基础之上,对问卷进行项目分析和信效度检验,编制出符合心理测量学要求的《青少年批判性思维倾向问卷》(TCTDI),问卷由五个分量表、48个项目组成。(3)青少年批判性思维倾向的现状调查。运用自编的《青少年批判性思维倾向问卷》调查青少年批判性思维倾向的发展现状,结果发现:青少年批判性思维倾向的敏感性和怀疑性维度均存在性别差异;青少年批判性思维倾向得分随年级呈递增趋势,其自觉性、求真性、开放性维度存在年级差异;青少年批判性思维倾向各维度在辩论赛经历、学生干部经历、社团经历上均存在显著性差异。在青少年批判性思维倾向各维度上,普高学生得分均高于职高,在自觉性、求真性和开放性维度上出现了显著性差异。(4)青少年批判性思维倾向的关系研究。运用《教养方式》、《大五人格》、《我的班级》等问卷探讨与青少年批判性思维倾向的关系。结果发现:教养方式对青少年批判性思维倾向没有预测作用;人格对青少年批判性思维倾向有预测作用;班级环境的学生关系维度对青少年批判性思维倾向的求真性维度有预测作用。
[Abstract]:The tendency of critical thinking is the stable psychological quality of the individual in the process of thinking, such as questioning, judging, evaluating and introspecting. It is very important to cultivate the critical thinking tendency, and the research needs an effective evaluation tool. Therefore, it is necessary to compile the local questionnaire of adolescents' critical thinking tendency. Based on the literature analysis and interviews, this study adopts questionnaire measurement and other empirical methods. The following research is carried out: 1) the structure of adolescents' critical thinking tendency is explored. Interviews and open questionnaires are conducted among students and teachers in three middle schools. The data collected is coded and classified into keywords. By using the method of social validity, the implicit view of adolescents' critical thinking tendency is investigated. Through factor analysis, five factors of adolescents' critical thinking tendency are obtained. Namely sensitivity, consciousness, truthfulness, openness, skepticism, has established the structure of adolescents' critical thinking tendency. 2) the compilation of adolescents' critical thinking tendency questionnaire. According to the structure established before. Form the initial questionnaire of adolescents' critical thinking tendency, on the basis of the investigation of adolescents, the questionnaire items analysis and reliability and validity test. According to the requirements of psychometrics, the questionnaire of critical thinking tendency of adolescents was compiled. The questionnaire consisted of five subscales. The present situation of adolescents' critical thinking tendency was investigated by the questionnaire of adolescents' critical thinking tendency, which was composed of 48 items, and the current situation of adolescents' critical thinking tendency was investigated by using the self-compiled questionnaire of adolescents' critical thinking disposition. The results showed that there were gender differences in the sensitivity and scepticism of adolescents' critical thinking tendency. The scores of adolescents' critical thinking tend to increase with the grade, and there are grade differences in their consciousness, truthfulness and openness. There are significant differences in all dimensions of adolescents' critical thinking tendency in the experience of debate competition, student cadres' experience, and community experience. In all dimensions of adolescents' critical thinking tendency, the scores of senior high school students are higher than those of vocational high school students. There are significant differences in consciousness, truth-seeking and openness. (4) the relationship between critical thinking tendency of adolescents and the use of "upbringing style", "Big five Personality". "my class" and other questionnaires to explore the relationship between adolescents' critical thinking tendency. The results showed that: the parenting style of adolescents' critical thinking tendency did not predict; Personality can predict adolescents' critical thinking tendency; The student relationship dimension of class environment can predict the truth-seeking dimension of adolescents' critical thinking tendency.
【学位授予单位】：温州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G632.0

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