传统武术进入中小学校后可持续发展的研究

发布时间：2018-01-23 06:09

本文关键词： 传统武术可持续发展中小学校　出处：《山西师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：传统武术作为中国文化的符号,它凝聚了中国人对天、地、人关系的理解,体现了中国人和平、包容的心境和优雅、自制的情趣,反映了中华文化的强大凝聚力、生命力和延续力,蕴含着中华民族文化的内涵和气势,已成为我国展示文化软实力及让国外认识中国文化的一个窗口。中小学生是我国未来社会竞争中的主力军,文化软实力又是未来世界竞争的主要领域,那么只有了解了自己的文化,才能在世界上立足,才能使我国的文化传播到世界的各个角落。因此在中小学校开展传统武术是必要的。目前传统武术在中小学校的开展已经有了一定的基础,但是就已开展传统武术的学校来说,开展情况并不乐观,出现非常大的断裂现象。笔者在了解了目前传统武术在中小学校开展的情况后,针对这种断裂开始对此课题进行了进一步的研究。在研究过程中,笔者通过文献资料法以及访谈法进行研究,得出:传统武术在中小学校的发展存在较为严重的问题:传统武术是中国传统文化的载体,是传统文化的代表,是整体性思维下的产物,而学校教学是由西方传播而来,带有浓厚的西方文化特色,东西方文化的差异是其问题之一;我国存在严重的应试教育,目前应试教育这把指挥棒还没有指到传统武术,这是其问题之二;影视作品的玄幻与夸张力度给中小学生带来的无限憧憬,与现实中传统武术的习练有较大的差别,容易使学生学习的热情下降,这是其问题之三。经分析得出,影响传统武术在中小学校可持续发展的因素可归纳为以下三类:政策因素、制度因素以及人力资源因素。针对这些问题与影响因素,笔者做出了如下建议:(1)做到校内校外相结合,促进学生共性与个性的共同发展由学校出面与民间拳师联系商讨,鼓励中小学生在民间拜师,在师父那里学到的学分可计入总成绩中,并且教师可以在上课的时候利用带领练习或小组长等方式鼓励学生,从而提高学生在外拜师学习的积极性,提高学生学习的兴趣,由学校教学和民间师父教育两种方式同时进行,促使学生共性与个性的共同发展。(2)学校与政府相结合,提高学生升学率由于应试教育的影响,学校在体育方面,只练习考试项目,那么,政府考虑在中考中是否可以加入传统武术这个项目,合理分配传统武术与体育其他项目的分数,促使学校和家长督促学生学习和练习传统武术。或者在初、高中增设传统武术特招生、特招班,引导学生从小练习,而学校为了提高本校的升学率,就会增加传统武术课程或者训练队,从学校的角度促进学生练习传统武术的积极性,在传统武术的基础上适当的降低文化课的成绩,帮助学生考入自己理想的学校。(3)民间拳师与学校教师相结合,规范上课内容学校开展传统武术,没有统一的教材,也是阻碍传统武术在中小学校可持续发展的一大原因,那么,由政府出资聚集当地传统武术拳师以及优秀体育教师,合编具有当地拳种的特色的、符合中小学生生理心理、适合学校教学的一套教材,从而规范学校教学内容。(4)招聘由高校毕业的传统武术专业学生为传统武术教师在传统武术进入学校一段时间后,可将学校练习较好及各项素质比较高的学生送入高校接受正规教育,毕业后将其招回作为专业的传统武术教师,这类教师对传统武术技术和理论的知识相对丰富,而且接受过学校教学的正规教育,基本弥补了体育教师和民间拳师作为传统武术教师的不足。使其下一代培养人才,这样形成一个良性循环。
[Abstract]:The traditional martial arts China as a cultural symbol, it embodies the Chinese on the day, the understanding of the relationship between people, reflects the Chinese peace, tolerance and elegant mood, homemade taste, reflecting the strong cohesion of the Chinese culture, vitality and continuity, contains the connotation and style of the Chinese people have culture. Show to become China's cultural soft power and let foreign know a window China culture. Students are the main force of the future social competition in our country, the cultural soft power is the main field of the competition in the future world, so only to understand their own culture, in order to gain a foothold in the world, to make every corner of our country the culture spread to the world. So the development of traditional Wushu in schools is necessary. The development of traditional Wushu in schools has a certain basis, but had to carry out the traditional martial arts school, to carry out The situation is not optimistic, fracture phenomenon is very large. The understanding of the current traditional martial arts in primary and secondary schools to carry out the situation, according to the fault began this subject for further research. In the research process, the author through literature and interviews for research, concluded that the development of traditional martial arts in primary and secondary schools there is a serious problem: the traditional martial arts is Chinese carrier of traditional culture, is the representative of traditional culture, is the product of the overall thinking, while the school teaching is to spread from the west, with a strong Western culture, cultural differences between East and West is one of the problems in existence; severity of the compulsory education in our country. At present, the examination oriented education baton is not referring to the traditional martial arts, this is the problem of the two film and television works of fantasy and exaggeration; give students bring infinite longing efforts, and in reality There are great differences between the traditional martial arts practitioners, to enable students to learn enthusiasm decline, this is the problem of the three. The analysis results showed that the factors affecting the sustainable development of traditional Wushu in schools can be divided into the following three categories: policy factors, institutional factors and human resource factors. Aiming at these problems and the influence factors. Make the following recommendations: (1) to school together, jointly promoting the development of the students by the school to the common and individual and private boxer talks to encourage students, in the folk master apprentice, learned in where the credits can be included in the total score, and the teachers in the class when using lead practice or team leader the way to encourage students to improve the students' enthusiasm in the outside to learn, improve students' interest in learning, at the same time by the school teaching and folk master two modes of education, students The common development of commonness and individuality. (2) the combination of school and government, to improve the students' enrollment rate due to the impact of examination oriented education, school sports, only practice examination, then the government would consider the traditional martial arts can join this project in the senior high school entrance examination, a reasonable allocation of traditional martial arts and other sports project scores, the school and parents urge the students to learn and practice of traditional martial arts. Or in the beginning, the traditional martial arts high school added special student, special class, guide the students from the school practice, and in order to improve the school enrollment rate, will increase the traditional martial arts courses or training team, promote the students' enthusiasm in practice of traditional Wushu from the perspective of the school, on the basis of the traditional martial arts of the appropriate lower class culture achievements, help the students admitted to the ideal school. (3) the combination of folk boxer and school teachers, schools, the traditional course content standard Martial arts, no unified teaching material, but also hinder the sustainable development of a major reason, the traditional martial arts in primary and secondary schools, funded by the government to gather local traditional martial arts boxer and excellent teachers, combined with local boxing characteristics, physiological psychology students, schools for teaching a set of teaching materials, so as to regulate the content of school teaching. (4) the recruitment of college graduates from the traditional martial arts majors as traditional Wushu teachers in traditional martial arts into the school after a period of time, the school will exercise better and the high quality of university students to receive formal education, after graduation, will move back to the traditional martial arts as a professional teacher, the teacher of traditional martial arts and the theory of knowledge is relatively rich, and received formal education in the school teaching, the basic for PE teachers and folk traditional martial arts teachers as a boxer To make the next generation of talents cultivate a virtuous circle.

【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.96

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