八年级学生数学素养的测评研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 05:24

本文选题：数学素养 + PISA　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：数学作为推动科学技术进步的关键力量,而数学素养则是科技高速发展的现代人们适应生活的必要条件。中学阶段是学生智力发展的关键阶段,也是培养学生数学素养的最佳时期,对学生的数学素养现状的调查有助于了解学生数学素养状况,分析影响学生数学素养的关键因素,改进中学教师的教学理念和教学方法,从而促进学生数学素养水平的提高。本文从国内外数学素养的研究中系统分析了数学素养的内涵、特征以及构成要素。在此基础上,深入分析国际PISA测评的特点和测评题的开发设计方法,参考我国《初中数学课程标准2011年》,以北京师大版的初中数学教材为基础编制了数学素养的测评题来研究初中生的数学素养现状。测评题是以深圳市龙岗区的三所中学的八年级学生为研究对象,数据采用SPSS22.0统计软件进行分析,得出了以下结论:(1)初中生的数学素养处于中等水平。其中情境维度:学生在熟悉的问题情境中表现较好;内容维度:学生在不确定性和数据中得分最高;过程维度:学生在数学表述得分最高;能力维度:学生在沟通能力中表现最好;题型维度:学生在选择题中得分最高。(2)学生存在的不足。学生解决社会情境问题能力欠佳,几何素养水平相对于其他的内容领域处于薄弱地位,学生的数学反思能力不足,创造性表现不够突出。(3)不同学校的学生数学素养水平存在显著差异。总体而言,较好学校的学生的数学素养状况优于较差学校的学生的数学素养状况,但在一些单项分析上出现反超现象,这个现象有待于进一步分析成因。基于以上研究结果提出,数学教学要从学生的数学素养现状和影响因素出发,因此对教师的教学有针对性地给出以下建议:(1)创设基于现实生活的多样化的问题情境。(2)加强培养学生的几何素养。(3)创建有利于发展学生反思能力的教学设计和评价。(4)关注学生数学阅读能力的持续发展。(5)尊重学生思维差异,促进学生创造力的发展。本文的创新之处在于:(1)借鉴于国际知名的PISA测试题设计理念,结合我国社会的现实情境,编制了一套适用于本土的测评试题(2)测评题经历“专家讨论-命制样卷-样卷检测分析-部分地区试测-样卷更改-正式测试”这样一条规范的开发路线,编制的测评试题的信度和效度均检测良好。(3)对测评数据分析从多个方面展开,保证分析结果的科学性和严谨性。
[Abstract]:Mathematics is the key force to push forward the progress of science and technology, and mathematics literacy is the necessary condition for modern people to adapt to life with the rapid development of science and technology. The middle school stage is the key stage of the students' intelligence development and the best time to cultivate the students' mathematics literacy. The investigation of the present situation of the students' mathematics literacy is helpful to understand the students' mathematics literacy status and analyze the key factors that affect the students' mathematics literacy. Improve the teaching idea and teaching method of middle school teachers, thus promote the improvement of students' mathematics literacy level. This paper systematically analyzes the connotation, characteristics and elements of mathematics literacy from the research of mathematics literacy at home and abroad. On this basis, the characteristics of international PISA evaluation and the development and design methods of the evaluation questions are analyzed. Referring to the Chinese Junior Middle School Mathematics Curriculum Standard 2011, based on the junior high school mathematics teaching materials of Beijing normal University, this paper compiled the mathematics literacy evaluation questions to study the present situation of junior high school students' mathematics literacy. Taking the eighth grade students of three middle schools in Longgang District of Shenzhen as the research object, the data are analyzed by SPSS22.0 software, and the following conclusions are drawn: the junior middle school students' mathematics literacy is at the middle level. Among them, situational dimension: students perform well in familiar problem situations; content dimension: students score the highest in uncertainty and data; process dimension: students get the highest score in mathematical expression; Ability dimension: students' communication ability is the best; problem type dimension: students' highest scores in multiple choice questions. Students' ability to solve social situational problems is poor, the level of geometric literacy is in a weak position compared with other content areas, and the students' ability to reflect on mathematics is insufficient. Creative performance is not outstanding. 3) there are significant differences in students' mathematical literacy level in different schools. In general, the mathematical literacy of the students in the better schools is better than that of the students in the worse schools, but there is a phenomenon of counter-superfluous in some individual analysis, which needs to be further analyzed. Based on the above research results, it is suggested that mathematics teaching should proceed from the present situation of students' mathematical literacy and the influencing factors. Therefore, this paper gives the following suggestions to teachers' teaching: 1) creating diversified problem situations based on real life. 2) strengthening the cultivation of students' geometric literacy. 3) creating teaching design and evaluation conducive to the development of students' reflective ability. Pay attention to the sustainable development of students' mathematical reading ability. (5) respect the difference of students' thinking. Promote the development of students' creativity. The innovation of this paper lies in: (1) drawing lessons from the internationally famous design concept of PISA test questions, combining with the realistic situation of our society, We have compiled a set of test questions that are suitable for local use. They have experienced a standard development route, such as "expert discussion-ordering sample volume-sample volume detection and analysis-part of regional test-sample volume modification-formal test" as a standard development route, "expert discussion-ordering sample volume-sample volume detection and analysis-part of the area test-sample volume change-formal test" The reliability and validity of the test questions are tested well. 3) the analysis of the test data is carried out from many aspects to ensure the scientific and rigorous results of the analysis.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.6

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