学生数学能力对《遗传与进化》模块学习的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 22:25

本文选题：遗传与进化 + 教学过程　；参考：《云南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：《遗传与进化》模块是高中生物学的重要组成部分,在高中生物考试中约占20㳠的比重,该部分内容涉及各种类型的数学知识,如概率计算、数学模型的构建、公式推导及应用、等量代换、排列组合、集合等,导致很多学生在学习这一模块时存在各种困难,在高考中往往也成为获得高分的制约环节。为了帮助学生更好的掌握《遗传与进化》的相关知识,笔者结合近四年的高考题认真分析该模块内容与数学知识的具体联系,并根据该模块的学科交叉多、综合性强、难度大等特点,制定了高效可行的教学计划。在进行《遗传与进化》模块教学之前,先给学生介绍一些与该模块相关又非常有趣的科学研究成果,以及一些常见的遗传病和近年高考遗传题的答题情况,提高学生的兴趣。在教学过程中,由于受到学科分科的限制,解决遗传问题的时候学生缺乏跨学科应用知识的能力,例如遗传概率计算,DNA复制的相关计算,减数分裂与受精作用过程中染色体的数目变化等相关教学内容中都涉及到数学知识。学生在学习生物时已经形成了固定思维,在应用数学知识解决生物学问题时频频出错。针对以上现象笔者选择了所任教的高二教学班189班、192班、195班、198班进行了问卷调查,综合学生《遗传与进化》模块学习中的各种问题,在教学实践中注重数学知识的应用和数学能力的培养,并就实践过程中数学成绩和生物成绩进行了相关性分析。经过三次数学成绩与生物成绩对比分析,得出0.5≤r≤0.8,均显示为正相关,且中度相关。此外,还对教学实践过程中的三次成绩进行了比较,四个班学生成绩都有所提升。
[Abstract]:"Genetics and evolution > module" is an important part of high school biology, which accounts for about 20? In the high school biology examination. This part involves various types of mathematical knowledge, such as probability calculation, mathematical model construction, formula deduction and application, equivalent substitution, arrangement group, collection and so on, which lead many students to exist in this module. In order to help students master the related knowledge of "Heredity and evolution >", the author carefully analyses the connection between the content of the module and the knowledge of mathematics in the last four years in order to help students master the related knowledge of "Genetics and evolution". An efficient and feasible teaching plan has been set up. Before the teaching of "Heredity and evolution >", it introduces some scientific research results that are very interesting to the module, as well as some common genetic diseases and the answer of the genetic problems in the college entrance examination in recent years, to improve the interest of the students. In the course of teaching, the limit of the subject branch is limited. In the process of solving genetic problems, students lack the ability to apply interdisciplinary knowledge, such as genetic probability calculation, the related calculation of DNA replication, the number of chromosomes in meiosis and the number of chromosomes in the process of fertilization. Learning knowledge to solve biological problems frequently errors. In view of the above phenomena, I chose the 189 class, 192 class, 195 class and 198 class in the teaching class of high school, comprehensive students' various problems in the learning of "genetic and evolution > module", and pay attention to the application of mathematical knowledge and the cultivation of mathematical ability in the practice of teaching and practice. In the process of the mathematical results and biological results of the correlation analysis, after three mathematical results and comparison of biological results, the results showed that 0.5 less than R < 0.8, all showed as positive correlation, and moderate correlation. In addition, the three grades in the teaching practice were compared, and the scores of the four classes were improved.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.91

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