人教版初中语文教科书中儒家仁爱文化选篇研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 05:51

本文选题：仁爱 + 儒家仁爱文化　；参考：《中央民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：孔子创立的儒家学说以及在此基础上发展起来的儒家文化,对中华文明产生了深刻的影响,是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。其中,他创建的"仁"学思想体系奠定了中国儒家学说的思想基础,更是儒家伦理思想的主要内容和重要标志。仁爱,作为仁学体系中一种情感化的道德与价值取向,不仅对当下中小学生情感与价值观的发展具有一定的导向作用,同时也符合当今社会主义核心价值观的发展需要,更是对我国上千年优秀文化的传承与发扬。本文立足于人教版初中语文教材,在对以往相关著作、文献的研究过程中发现:就研究对象来看,现有研究缺乏对语文教科书中的儒家仁爱文化进行研究,仅仅将仁爱文化作为儒家文化的一小部分展开论述。就研究方向来看,现有研究多以教育教学方面为主。把人教版语文教科书中的选篇作为研究对象,对儒家仁爱文化展开文本研究的文章很少。因此,本文以人教版初中语文教科书为研究对象,主要对儒家仁爱文化所包含的内涵层次方面展开研究。根据蒙培元先生对儒家仁爱文化内涵层次的划分,即:"首先是爱人,爱人从爱亲开始;其次是爱物,爱生命之物,爱整个自然界,逐渐依次发展为普遍的宇宙关怀,达到天地万物一体之仁的境界"的观点,梳理了教科书中的具体选篇,对选篇进行了爱亲、爱众、爱自然、爱国四个层面上的研究。呈现出相关课文在篇目、单元、作者与所占比例方面的概况。继而又对选篇做出内容、数量以及体裁三个方面的文本分析。通过分析,笔者发现,当下人教版初中语文教科书中儒家仁爱文化的选篇内容体现了仁爱文化的要义,但内容偏隐性化并具有一定的时代局限性。选篇总体数量大概占了选篇研究总量的四分之一,但四个层面的具体数量缺乏均衡性,其中以爱众层面数量居多,爱亲与爱自然层面相对较少。选篇体裁丰富,但多以传统体裁为主,其中大部分选篇以现代文体裁居多。根据以上研究结果,笔者结合《义务教育语文课程标准》、《完善中华优秀传统文化教育指导纲要》、以及《关于实施中华优秀传统文化传承发展工程的意见》等相关文件,对选篇作出了合理性与不足性的评价,并提出相关建议。具体分为选篇编订与教学方面两个方向上的建议。在选篇编订方向上,笔者认为应设立儒家仁爱文化传统单元、适时增加教科书中爱亲、爱国与爱自然层面的选篇数量、将选篇以多样化的方式呈现出来,例如漫画、插图、对联等。在教学方面上,笔者认为教师应适时适宜地将儒家仁爱文化渗透在教学过程中,如课前分享小故事,展讲新闻或诵读材料。合理利用多媒体等辅助教学工具展开教学,并在教学过程中注意要培养学生对传统文化的批判精神,用理性的思维去继承传统文化。
[Abstract]:The Confucian theory founded by Confucius and the Confucian culture developed on this basis have a profound influence on Chinese civilization and are an important part of Chinese traditional culture. Among them, the thought system of "benevolence" established by him laid the ideological foundation of Chinese Confucianism, and it was also the main content and important symbol of Confucian ethics. Benevolence, as an emotional moral and value orientation in the benevolence system, not only plays a guiding role in the development of emotion and values of primary and middle school students, but also meets the needs of the development of socialist core values. Is to our country thousand years outstanding culture inheritance and development. This paper is based on the Chinese teaching materials of junior middle school. In the course of research on the previous works and literature, it is found that there is a lack of research on the Confucian benevolence culture in the Chinese textbooks, as far as the research object is concerned. Only the benevolence culture as a small part of the Confucian culture is discussed. As far as the research direction is concerned, the existing research mainly focuses on education and teaching. There are few articles on Confucian benevolence culture. Therefore, this paper focuses on the connotation of Confucian benevolence culture. According to Mong Peiyuan's division of Confucian benevolence culture, that is, "first, love, lover begins with loving relatives; secondly, love things, love life, love the whole nature, and gradually develop into universal care for the universe." From the viewpoint of reaching the state of the unity of heaven and earth, this paper combs the specific selected articles in the textbook, and studies the selected articles on four levels: loving the relatives, loving the masses, loving the nature and loving the country. Presents an overview of the text in terms of content, unit, author and proportion. Then it makes text analysis on the content, quantity and genre of the selected articles. Through the analysis, the author finds that the selected content of Confucian benevolence culture in the current junior middle school Chinese textbook reflects the essence of benevolence culture, but the content is more recessive and has certain limitations of the times. The total number of selected articles accounts for about 1/4 of the total number of selected articles, but the specific number of the four levels is lack of balance, among which, the number of the love for the masses is the majority, and the love for love and love for nature are relatively few. The genre of selection is rich, but mainly of traditional genre, and most of the selected articles are modern genre. According to the above research results, the author combines the Chinese Curriculum Standard of compulsory Education, the guiding outline of perfecting Chinese excellent traditional Culture Education, and the opinions on implementing the Project of inheriting and developing Chinese excellent traditional Culture, and so on. This paper evaluates the rationality and insufficiency of the selected articles, and puts forward some relevant suggestions. The paper is divided into two directions: selection, editing and teaching. The author thinks that the Confucian traditional unit of benevolence culture should be set up in order to increase the number of selected articles in textbooks, such as comics and illustrations, in a variety of ways, such as comics and illustrations. Couplets, etc. In the aspect of teaching, the author thinks that teachers should appropriately infiltrate Confucian benevolence culture into the teaching process, such as sharing stories before class, showing news or reading materials. Reasonable use of multimedia and other auxiliary teaching tools to carry out teaching, and in the process of teaching attention should be paid to the cultivation of students' critical spirit of traditional culture, with rational thinking to inherit the traditional culture.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3

【参考文献】