接受美学相关理论下对高中语文外国选文教学的研究
发布时间：2018-10-24 12:11
【摘要】：1920年的《中等学校用白话文范参考书》中第一次出现外国选文,为高中师生教学增加了些许新鲜力,《普通高中课程标准》要求语文学科高中生对于中外文学作品的鉴别力,在保证学生课堂教学主体地位的同时习得外国选文中的精华。接受美学理论自提出以来,一直被不断地充实,在与其他学科的相互借鉴中,被运用到其他不同的学科,在语文实践中,很多人开始把接受美学相关理论牵引至语文教学实践中,本文着眼于高中语文中外国选文的文本内容和师生教学,以四层方面来具体、详细地研究在外国选文的实践教学中,怎样把接受美学的相关理论更好地运用到其中。第一部分,探究接受美学相关理论。包括接受美学发展的过程、主要的代表人物等,接着对其理论中的相关概念进行一定程度的阐释,如“走进读者”,对于读者的重视;如尧斯中提出的,读者对于文学作品的“期待视野”,伊瑟尔在对文学阅读过程中心理过程的分析中提出的“召唤结构”、“空白点”等理论。第二部分,从新课标、外国选文的文本特点以及高中生的阅读机制三个方面来阐述接受美学相关理论指导外国选文实践教学的依据。首先,把人教版教材中的外国选文进行概括,归纳出其选文的理念和标准;其次,在单元教学下中外选文比较的视角下,从文化背景和行文手法两个角度来总结出外国选文较特殊的地方;最后,从高中阅读机制中的创新教学形式和发挥学生在与文本对话时的想象性、创造性对话来进一步说明接受美学与外国选文结合的依据。第三部分,对高中外国选文教学的现状进行一定的概括,并在一定的接受美学理论视野下。主要以“否定”、“期待视野”、“召唤结构”等相关理论,总结出在外国文本实际教学中的一些绑手脚处,如感性缺失,生本间的审美距离过大,学生的主体性和自主性不能很好的发挥;教师忽视了学生的“期待视野”;学生的积累过浅,难以发掘“空白点”;学生在枯燥的四十分钟教学中思维的固定化,创造性、主动性难以调动。第四部分,主要是针对以上总结出的困难,对照着上章所提出外国选文教学的困难,提出相应的策略。如教师抓住学生“期待视野”的特点;学生可以联系中外作品的相同点,变陌生为相似;其中,也提出笔者自己的设想,即语文活动课。此外,已有不少研究及实际的教学实践,把接受美学的相关理论应用到语文教学领域中,但是针对外国选文的实际教学情况,却鲜有人将其与接受美学联系在一起,系统且细致地研究。本文的创新之处,在于从高中外国选文的实际教学情况出发,以接受美学的相关理论为指导,在新课改后发挥学生个体创造性和主动性的课堂教学趋向和现状中,充分借鉴接受美学相关理论对师生教学中理解、探究文本的价值,以及论述理论指导教学的可实践性。
[Abstract]:For the first time in 1920, the selection of articles from foreign countries appeared in the vernacular reference Book of Secondary Schools, which added some fresh strength to the teaching of senior high school students. The Curriculum Standard of ordinary High School required high school students to distinguish between Chinese and foreign literary works. At the same time to ensure the main position of classroom teaching students to acquire the essence of foreign texts. Since the theory of reception aesthetics was put forward, it has been constantly enriched, and has been applied to other different disciplines and Chinese practice in the mutual reference with other disciplines. Many people begin to draw the relevant theory of reception aesthetics into the Chinese teaching practice. This paper focuses on the text content of foreign selected articles in senior high school and the teaching of teachers and students, and studies in detail the practical teaching of foreign language selection in four aspects. How to apply the theory of reception aesthetics to it better. The first part is about the theory of reception aesthetics. Including the process of the development of reception aesthetics, the main representative characters and so on. Then the related concepts in his theory are explained to a certain extent, such as "enter the reader", the attention of the reader; The reader's "horizon of expectation" for literary works, the theory of "calling structure" and "blank spot" put forward by Ethel in the analysis of the psychological process in the process of literary reading. The second part, from the new curriculum standard, the text characteristics of foreign text selection and the reading mechanism of senior high school students, expounds the basis of the relevant theories of reception aesthetics to guide the foreign language selection practice teaching. First of all, the paper generalizes the foreign selections in the teaching materials, and sums up the ideas and standards of the selection. Secondly, from the perspective of the comparison of Chinese and foreign articles in unit teaching, From the perspective of cultural background and writing techniques, the author summarizes the special aspects of foreign text selection. Finally, from the perspective of innovative teaching form in the reading mechanism of senior high school and giving full play to students' imagination in dialogue with the text, Creative dialogue further explains the basis of the combination of reception aesthetics and foreign selection. In the third part, the author generalizes the present situation of foreign selection teaching in senior high school, and gives a certain view of reception aesthetics. Based on the theories of "negation", "expectation vision", "calling structure" and so on, this paper summarizes some binding points in the actual teaching of foreign texts, such as the lack of sensibility and the excessive aesthetic distance between the students. Students' subjectivity and autonomy can not be brought into full play; teachers ignore students'"horizon of expectation"; students' accumulation is too shallow to find "blank spots"; students' thinking is fixed and creative in the boring 40-minute teaching process. Initiative is difficult to mobilize. In the fourth part, aiming at the difficulties summarized above, the corresponding strategies are put forward according to the difficulties in foreign language selection teaching mentioned in the previous chapter. For example, teachers grasp the characteristics of students'"horizon of expectation"; students can contact the similarities of Chinese and foreign works and become strange and similar; among them, the author also puts forward his own idea, that is, Chinese activity class. In addition, many researches and practical teaching practices have applied the theory of receptive aesthetics to the field of Chinese teaching, but few people associate it with reception aesthetics in view of the actual teaching situation of foreign selected articles. Systematic and detailed study. The innovation of this paper lies in the trend and present situation of classroom teaching in which students' individual creativity and initiative are brought into full play after the new curriculum reform, based on the actual teaching situation of foreign language selection in senior high schools, and guided by the relevant theories of reception aesthetics. This paper makes full use of the relevant theories of reception aesthetics to understand and explore the value of the text in the teaching of teachers and students, and discusses the practicability of teaching guided by the theory.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3
本文编号：2291380
[Abstract]:For the first time in 1920, the selection of articles from foreign countries appeared in the vernacular reference Book of Secondary Schools, which added some fresh strength to the teaching of senior high school students. The Curriculum Standard of ordinary High School required high school students to distinguish between Chinese and foreign literary works. At the same time to ensure the main position of classroom teaching students to acquire the essence of foreign texts. Since the theory of reception aesthetics was put forward, it has been constantly enriched, and has been applied to other different disciplines and Chinese practice in the mutual reference with other disciplines. Many people begin to draw the relevant theory of reception aesthetics into the Chinese teaching practice. This paper focuses on the text content of foreign selected articles in senior high school and the teaching of teachers and students, and studies in detail the practical teaching of foreign language selection in four aspects. How to apply the theory of reception aesthetics to it better. The first part is about the theory of reception aesthetics. Including the process of the development of reception aesthetics, the main representative characters and so on. Then the related concepts in his theory are explained to a certain extent, such as "enter the reader", the attention of the reader; The reader's "horizon of expectation" for literary works, the theory of "calling structure" and "blank spot" put forward by Ethel in the analysis of the psychological process in the process of literary reading. The second part, from the new curriculum standard, the text characteristics of foreign text selection and the reading mechanism of senior high school students, expounds the basis of the relevant theories of reception aesthetics to guide the foreign language selection practice teaching. First of all, the paper generalizes the foreign selections in the teaching materials, and sums up the ideas and standards of the selection. Secondly, from the perspective of the comparison of Chinese and foreign articles in unit teaching, From the perspective of cultural background and writing techniques, the author summarizes the special aspects of foreign text selection. Finally, from the perspective of innovative teaching form in the reading mechanism of senior high school and giving full play to students' imagination in dialogue with the text, Creative dialogue further explains the basis of the combination of reception aesthetics and foreign selection. In the third part, the author generalizes the present situation of foreign selection teaching in senior high school, and gives a certain view of reception aesthetics. Based on the theories of "negation", "expectation vision", "calling structure" and so on, this paper summarizes some binding points in the actual teaching of foreign texts, such as the lack of sensibility and the excessive aesthetic distance between the students. Students' subjectivity and autonomy can not be brought into full play; teachers ignore students'"horizon of expectation"; students' accumulation is too shallow to find "blank spots"; students' thinking is fixed and creative in the boring 40-minute teaching process. Initiative is difficult to mobilize. In the fourth part, aiming at the difficulties summarized above, the corresponding strategies are put forward according to the difficulties in foreign language selection teaching mentioned in the previous chapter. For example, teachers grasp the characteristics of students'"horizon of expectation"; students can contact the similarities of Chinese and foreign works and become strange and similar; among them, the author also puts forward his own idea, that is, Chinese activity class. In addition, many researches and practical teaching practices have applied the theory of receptive aesthetics to the field of Chinese teaching, but few people associate it with reception aesthetics in view of the actual teaching situation of foreign selected articles. Systematic and detailed study. The innovation of this paper lies in the trend and present situation of classroom teaching in which students' individual creativity and initiative are brought into full play after the new curriculum reform, based on the actual teaching situation of foreign language selection in senior high schools, and guided by the relevant theories of reception aesthetics. This paper makes full use of the relevant theories of reception aesthetics to understand and explore the value of the text in the teaching of teachers and students, and discusses the practicability of teaching guided by the theory.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3
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