基于《学生体质健康标准》的长春市中小学课外体育活动开展现状及对策研究
发布时间：2018-12-11 15:31
【摘要】：在世界强国之间竞争由战争转为人才争夺的21世纪,中小学生能否顺利成才意味着祖国在未来几十年中的发展前景,而在众多考量人才标准中,健康的身体素质无疑是最基础,同时也是最重要的。改革开放后八次大规模国民体质健康监测数据显示,我国广大中小学生身体形态指标有所改善,但身体机能和身体素质指标则出现不同程度下降,这与平时缺乏充足的体育锻炼密切相关。因此,2002年起,教育部、国家体育总局联合下发《学生体质健康标准》,后经修订,正式用于指导各级学校开展学生体育教育工作,起到了一定积极作用。但是,在校园体育教育的课外体育活动,依然处于教育和管理的盲区,存在很多问题亟待解决。本文综合运用文献资料、问卷调查、访谈、数理统计等方法,以长春市中小学课外体育活动开展现状为研究对象,考察学生体质健康状况和课外体育锻炼情况,并建立起二者之间的内在联系。本文主要得出以下几点结论:第一,体质健康现状,整体上,长春市中小学生体质健康不及格率较高,而及格、良好、优秀的比例低于全国平均水平;具体指标方面,身高具有一定优势,但超重、肥胖比例较高。第二,课外体育活动现状,长春市中小学生对体质健康与课外体育活动之间的关联性关系认识较为充分;体育锻炼态度积极、动机良好;组织形式以同学朋友一起为主;项目选择男生侧重对抗性球类,女生侧重于非对抗性球类及舞蹈、跑步等项目;地点以校内场地为主,社会场馆为辅;频度主要集中于1次每周,时长少于0.5小时,无法满足增强体质的要求;时段集中于下午和晚上,对早晨黄金时间利用较少;锻炼强度分布较为均匀,但总体上强度不高。本文研究结果表明,课外体育锻炼方法不科学、运动量不足等原因是造成长春市中小学生体质健康水平较低的主要因素,在“以人为本”教育理念下,需要学校和家长齐心协力,为中小学生加强课外体育锻炼提供更加优越的外部环境,同时逐步引导学生自觉养成终身体育的主体意识,为培养健康体魄和精神打下坚实基础。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, when the competition between the world's great powers has changed from war to talent competition, the success of primary and secondary school students means the development prospects of the motherland in the coming decades, and among the many standards of considering talents, healthy physical fitness is undoubtedly the most basic. It is also the most important thing. After the reform and opening up to the outside world, eight large-scale national physical health monitoring data showed that the body shape index of the vast number of primary and middle school students in our country has improved, but the body function and physical fitness index have decreased in varying degrees. This is closely related to the lack of adequate physical exercise at ordinary times. Therefore, since 2002, the Ministry of Education and the State General Administration of physical Education jointly issued the Standard of students' physical Health, which was revised and formally used to guide schools at all levels to carry out the work of student physical education, which has played a positive role. However, extracurricular sports activities in campus physical education are still in the blind area of education and management, and many problems need to be solved. Based on the methods of literature, questionnaire, interview, mathematical statistics and so on, the present situation of extracurricular sports activities in primary and secondary schools in Changchun is taken as the research object to investigate students' physical health and extracurricular physical exercise. And establish the internal relationship between the two. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, the current situation of physical health, on the whole, Changchun primary and middle school students' physical health failure rate is higher, and pass, good, excellent ratio is lower than the national average level; Specific indicators, height has a certain advantage, but overweight, obesity ratio is higher. Second, the current situation of extracurricular sports activities, Changchun primary and middle school students to physical health and extracurricular sports activities between the relevance of understanding more fully; physical exercise attitude, good motivation; Project selection: male students focus on adversarial ball games, girls focus on non-confrontational ball games and dance, running, etc. The frequency is mainly concentrated once a week, the duration is less than 0.5 hours, which can not meet the requirements of strengthening physique; the time period is concentrated in the afternoon and evening, the use of golden time in the morning is less; the intensity distribution of exercise is more uniform, but the overall intensity is not high. The results of this study show that the unscientific methods of extracurricular physical exercise and the insufficient amount of exercise are the main factors that cause the lower level of physical health of primary and middle school students in Changchun. Under the educational concept of "people-oriented", It is necessary for schools and parents to make concerted efforts to provide a more superior external environment for primary and secondary school students to strengthen extracurricular physical exercise, at the same time, to gradually guide students to consciously cultivate the subjective consciousness of lifelong physical education, and lay a solid foundation for the cultivation of healthy physique and spirit.
【学位授予单位】：吉林体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.96
本文编号：2372792
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, when the competition between the world's great powers has changed from war to talent competition, the success of primary and secondary school students means the development prospects of the motherland in the coming decades, and among the many standards of considering talents, healthy physical fitness is undoubtedly the most basic. It is also the most important thing. After the reform and opening up to the outside world, eight large-scale national physical health monitoring data showed that the body shape index of the vast number of primary and middle school students in our country has improved, but the body function and physical fitness index have decreased in varying degrees. This is closely related to the lack of adequate physical exercise at ordinary times. Therefore, since 2002, the Ministry of Education and the State General Administration of physical Education jointly issued the Standard of students' physical Health, which was revised and formally used to guide schools at all levels to carry out the work of student physical education, which has played a positive role. However, extracurricular sports activities in campus physical education are still in the blind area of education and management, and many problems need to be solved. Based on the methods of literature, questionnaire, interview, mathematical statistics and so on, the present situation of extracurricular sports activities in primary and secondary schools in Changchun is taken as the research object to investigate students' physical health and extracurricular physical exercise. And establish the internal relationship between the two. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, the current situation of physical health, on the whole, Changchun primary and middle school students' physical health failure rate is higher, and pass, good, excellent ratio is lower than the national average level; Specific indicators, height has a certain advantage, but overweight, obesity ratio is higher. Second, the current situation of extracurricular sports activities, Changchun primary and middle school students to physical health and extracurricular sports activities between the relevance of understanding more fully; physical exercise attitude, good motivation; Project selection: male students focus on adversarial ball games, girls focus on non-confrontational ball games and dance, running, etc. The frequency is mainly concentrated once a week, the duration is less than 0.5 hours, which can not meet the requirements of strengthening physique; the time period is concentrated in the afternoon and evening, the use of golden time in the morning is less; the intensity distribution of exercise is more uniform, but the overall intensity is not high. The results of this study show that the unscientific methods of extracurricular physical exercise and the insufficient amount of exercise are the main factors that cause the lower level of physical health of primary and middle school students in Changchun. Under the educational concept of "people-oriented", It is necessary for schools and parents to make concerted efforts to provide a more superior external environment for primary and secondary school students to strengthen extracurricular physical exercise, at the same time, to gradually guide students to consciously cultivate the subjective consciousness of lifelong physical education, and lay a solid foundation for the cultivation of healthy physique and spirit.
【学位授予单位】：吉林体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.96
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