基于初中科技实验室的创客教学模式构建研究

发布时间：2018-12-19 17:46

【摘要】：为培养和提高学生的创新能力与实践能力,新一轮基础教育课程改革提升了实验教学的地位,国家对实验教学不断加大投入,基础教育阶段的实验室设备基本完善,大部分中学都配备了科技实验室这一教学场所。中学阶段是学生创新能力培养的关键时期,而在实际实验教学中,由于种种原因,科技实验室的教学功能未得到充分发挥,学生创新能力没能得到及时培养。与此同时,数字技术的快速发展在世界范围内掀起了创客行动的浪潮,教育领域也不例外,创客教育便应运而生;在李克强总理发出的“大众创业、万众创新”号召下,社会各行各业都在追求创新,以培养学生创新能力为主要目标的创客教育成为一条切实可行的路径。此研究提出在现代教育技术的支持及创客教育理念的指导下,充分利用科技实验室的物理环境以培养学生创新能力的新思路,为初中科技实验室课程的实施构建出创客教学模式,希望能为一线教师教学活动的开展提供参考与借鉴。研究采用了文献研究、问卷调查、实验、行动研究、访谈等方法。首先,对相关文献进行分析和整理,归纳了国内外有关创客教育和创新能力的研究现状;深入解读了创客教育的相关概念;对科技实验室的内涵及创新能力的含义与构成进行了分析,设计出了初中生创新能力评价指标体系及测评问卷。其次,参照一般教学模式的五要素对创客教学模式的要素进行了具体剖析,并遵循模式构建原则构建出创客教学模式。最后,以秦皇岛开发区第一中学为实践基地,将创客教学模式应用于教学实践,通过学生创新能力测评问卷和教师访谈来评估其教学过程的合理性与有效性。实践表明,创客教学模式适用于科技实验室教学,对学生创新能力有促进作用。
[Abstract]:In order to cultivate and improve students' innovative and practical ability, the new round of basic education curriculum reform has promoted the status of experimental teaching, the state has continuously increased investment in experimental teaching, and the laboratory equipment in the stage of basic education has been basically improved. Most middle schools are equipped with science and technology laboratories as a teaching place. The stage of middle school is the key period for the cultivation of students' innovative ability, but in the practical experiment teaching, the teaching function of the science and technology laboratory has not been brought into full play due to various reasons, and the students' innovative ability has not been trained in time. At the same time, the rapid development of digital technology in the world set off a wave of action to create customers, the field of education is no exception, the creation of guest education came into being; Under the call of "Mass Entrepreneurship, all kinds of Innovation" issued by Premier Li Keqiang, all kinds of social industries are pursuing innovation, and the creative education with the main goal of cultivating students' innovative ability has become a feasible path. Under the guidance of the modern educational technology and the idea of creative-oriented education, this study puts forward a new idea to make full use of the physical environment of the science and technology laboratory in order to cultivate the students' innovative ability. This paper sets up a creative teaching model for the implementation of science and technology laboratory curriculum in junior high school, hoping to provide reference and reference for the development of teaching activities of front-line teachers. Literature research, questionnaire, experiment, action research, interview and so on were used in the study. First of all, the related literature analysis and collation, summed up the domestic and foreign research on the education and innovation of creative status, in-depth interpretation of the relevant concepts of guest education; This paper analyzes the connotation of science and technology laboratory and the meaning and composition of innovation ability, and designs the evaluation index system and evaluation questionnaire of junior high school students' innovation ability. Secondly, referring to the five elements of the general teaching mode, this paper analyzes the elements of the creative teaching mode, and constructs the creative teaching mode according to the principle of constructing the model. Finally, taking the first middle school of Qinhuangdao Development Zone as the practice base, the creation-guest teaching model is applied to the teaching practice, and the rationality and effectiveness of the teaching process are evaluated by the students' innovation ability assessment questionnaire and the teacher interview. The practice shows that the model of creative-guest teaching is suitable for the teaching of science and technology laboratory and can promote the students' innovative ability.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.98

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