泰国汶干中学汉语文化活动课有效教学模式探索

发布时间：2019-01-04 15:06

【摘要】：长期以来,中国以深厚悠久的文化与历史吸引着全世界的目光。近年来,随着中国的快速发展,汉语和中国文化备受瞩目,越来越多的外国留学生来到中国学习汉语。汉语国际推广工作的不断加强,使得孔子学院、孔子课堂在世界许多国家与地区兴起,一批又一批的汉语教师被派往世界各地进行汉语教学。作为汉语教师,我们不仅仅要教授语言本体知识,还要介绍传播相关的中国文化。这是因为语言和文化有着密不可分的联系,学生在学习一门语言的同时也在学习语言背后的文化,脱离了文化的语言学习是枯燥乏味的。但在对外汉语教学中,教师对文化教学的重视却远不如对语言教学的重视。教师更关心的是学生会不会说汉语,而没有关心学生对中国文化的了解。虽然目前越来越多的教师对文化教学的重视度有所提高,文化教学的质量和效率仍然满足不了需要。通过笔者在泰国任教期间的实践和观察发现,大部分学生通过汉语学习在语言方面有了一定的提升,但是对中国文化的认知了解零散而浅薄,学生习得的汉语水平和对应了解的中国文化知识存在很大的差距。如何提高文化教学的质量和效率,使文化教学更加有效是我们需要认真研究并解决的问题。笔者结合“有效教学”理论对泰国汶干中学的汉语文化活动课的教学实质、汉语文化活动课有效教学的涵义、特征、标准与原则等进行了介绍。基于在汶干中学的教学实习,采用问卷调查法和访谈法等研究方法对汶干中学汉语文化活动课的现状进行分析,具体分析了教学条件、教学对象以及教学中存在的问题,对教学现状进行总结。并在此基础上选取恰当的文化内容、选择合适的教学模式对汉语文化活动课有效教学模式进行实践探索,以具体的教学案例设计呈现,根据教学实践结果进行评估。通过对教学实践的评估与反思,笔者总结了展示型、体验型、对比型、表演型、游戏型、合作型、比赛型等有教学成效的教学实施模式。希望能为后继赴泰汉语教师提供教学参考,以期优化汉语文化活动课教学效果、提高教学效率。
[Abstract]:For a long time, China has attracted the attention of the whole world with its profound culture and history. In recent years, with the rapid development of China, more and more foreign students come to China to learn Chinese. With the continuous strengthening of the international promotion of Chinese, Confucius Institutes and Confucius classrooms have emerged in many countries and regions of the world, and a number of Chinese teachers have been sent to teach Chinese around the world. As Chinese teachers, we should not only teach language ontology, but also introduce Chinese culture. This is because language and culture are inextricably linked, students are learning a language while also learning the culture behind the language, leaving the culture of language learning is boring. But in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, teachers pay less attention to culture teaching than to language teaching. Teachers are more concerned that students do not speak Chinese, but do not care about their understanding of Chinese culture. Although more and more teachers pay more attention to culture teaching, the quality and efficiency of culture teaching can not meet the needs. Through the experience and observation of the author during his teaching in Thailand, it is found that most of the students have improved their language by learning Chinese, but their understanding of Chinese culture is scattered and shallow. There is a big gap between the level of Chinese acquisition and the knowledge of Chinese culture. How to improve the quality and efficiency of culture teaching and make culture teaching more effective is a problem we need to study and solve. Based on the theory of "effective teaching", the author introduces the essence of Chinese cultural activity course in Wengan Middle School, the meaning, characteristics, standards and principles of effective teaching of Chinese cultural activity course. Based on the teaching practice in Wengan Middle School, the present situation of learning Chinese cultural activities in Wengan Middle School is analyzed by means of questionnaire and interview, and the teaching conditions, teaching objects and problems in teaching are analyzed in detail. The present situation of teaching is summarized. On this basis, we select the appropriate cultural content, choose the appropriate teaching mode to explore the effective teaching model of Chinese cultural activities class, present it with specific teaching case design, and evaluate it according to the result of teaching practice. Through the evaluation and reflection of the teaching practice, the author summarizes the effective teaching implementation models, such as display, experience, contrast, performance, game, cooperation, competition and so on. It is hoped that the teaching reference can be provided for the subsequent Chinese teachers to Thailand in order to optimize the teaching effect of Chinese cultural activities and improve the teaching efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：广东外语外贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3

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