薄弱学校高一学生运算求解能力的研究

发布时间：2019-01-05 03:31

【摘要】：21世纪,教育公平引起全社会的重视,薄弱学校的发展也受到社会各界的广泛关注。国家不断加大了对薄弱学校硬件设施和软件设施的投入,使薄弱学校的教学环境有了很大的改善,办学的质量有所提高。但是,薄弱高中还是面临着生源质量不高等诸多问题。学生的基础差导致教学质量长期得不到提升的状况,在数学学科表现的尤为明显。科技的进步、教育的发展和高中新课程标准对运算求解能力要求越来越高,薄弱高中学校的数学教学也遇到了更大的挑战。薄弱学校高一学生该项能力相对不足,极大地影响了学生数学学习的兴趣和学习的深度,这也成为高中教师急需解决的一个难题。笔者通过查阅文献,发现国内外关于数学能力的研究较多,对数学运算求解能力的研究多数与高考要求相结合进行研究,很少有将高一学生的运算求解能力作为一个独立的对象进行研究,特别缺少结合薄弱学校高一学生的特点而进行的研究。薄弱学校的高中生是数学学习的弱势群体,尤其是高一学生,他们更需要在高中入学重建数学学习的信心,从而为他们的毕业和升学打下坚实的基础。本文首先提出问题研究的背景,结合文献论述了运算求解能力国内外研究现状。其次,从薄弱学校入手,以山东省淄博第十中学的高一学生为主要研究对象,对薄弱学校的高一学生的数学运算求解能力进行调查研究,发现薄弱学校高一学生数学运算求解能力的不足,分析影响薄弱学校高一学生数学运算求解能力发展的因素,结合具体的教学案例展示如何帮助学生提高该项能力的做法。本文分为五个部分,主要内容如下:第一部分是问题的提出。首先,依据课程标准的要求及学校的发展状况提出了薄弱学校高一学生运算求解能力问题的研究背景及意义;其次,详细阐述了国内外关于数学能力的研究现状,并将其与本文的研究进行了对比评述。第二部分是理论分析。主要阐述了数学能力的界定,数学运算求解能力的界定,数学运算求解能力的结构,对数学运算求解能力的衡量标准的分析和对影响薄弱学校高一学生运算求解能力的因素分析。第三部分是薄弱学校高一学生运算求解能力的调查与分析,这是本文的重点部分。通过对教师和学生的调查结果的分析,结合对学生测试结果的研究全面分析了薄弱学校高一学生运算求解能力的现状和问题。第四部分是薄弱学校高一学生运算求解能力的的策略研究。提出了培养高一学生数学运算求解能力的建议、培养原则、培养方法与途径,并以一个教学案例展示了教师在高一数学课堂教学中对运算求解能力培养的过程。第五部分是总结和反思,总结了本文研究取得的一些成果,并对今后的研究进行了展望。
[Abstract]:In the 21 st century, education equity has attracted the attention of the whole society, and the development of weak schools has been widely concerned by all walks of life. The state has continuously increased its investment in the hardware and software facilities of weak schools, which has greatly improved the teaching environment of weak schools and improved the quality of running schools. However, weak high school is still facing a lot of problems, such as low quality of students. The poor foundation of students leads to the situation that teaching quality can not be improved for a long time, especially in mathematics. With the development of science and technology, the development of education and the new curriculum standard of senior high school, the ability of calculating and solving is becoming more and more important, and the teaching of mathematics in weak high school is facing more and more challenges. The weakness of the ability of senior one students in weak schools has greatly affected the interest and depth of students' mathematics learning, which has become a difficult problem for senior high school teachers to solve urgently. By consulting the literature, the author finds that there are more researches on mathematical ability at home and abroad, and most of the researches on mathematical arithmetic solving ability are combined with the requirements of college entrance examination. There are few researches on the computational ability of senior one students as an independent object, especially lack of research combining the characteristics of weak high school students. Senior high school students in weak schools are the weak groups in mathematics learning, especially the first year students in senior high school. They need to rebuild their confidence in mathematics learning in order to lay a solid foundation for their graduation and further study. In this paper, the background of problem research is put forward, and the present research situation of computational solution ability at home and abroad is discussed in combination with the literature. Secondly, starting from the weak school, taking the students of the 10th Middle School in Zibo, Shandong Province as the main research object, the paper investigates the mathematics calculation ability of the students in the weak school. This paper finds out the deficiency of the students' ability of solving mathematics operation in the weak school, analyzes the factors that influence the development of the ability of solving the mathematics operation of the students in the weak school, and shows how to help the students to improve the ability by combining with the concrete teaching cases. This paper is divided into five parts, the main contents are as follows: the first part is the question. First of all, according to the requirements of curriculum standards and the development of schools, this paper puts forward the background and significance of the research on the ability to solve the problems of the weak high school students. Secondly, the research status of mathematics ability at home and abroad is described in detail, and compared with the research in this paper. The second part is the theoretical analysis. It mainly expounds the definition of mathematical ability, the structure of mathematical calculation ability, This paper analyzes the measurement standard of mathematics operation solving ability and the factors that influence the ability of high school students in weak school. The third part is the investigation and analysis of the students' ability of solving arithmetic in weak school, which is the key part of this paper. Through the analysis of the investigation results of teachers and students, combined with the research of the students' test results, this paper comprehensively analyzes the present situation and problems of the students' ability to solve the problems in the weak schools. The fourth part is the strategy research of the ability of solving arithmetic in the weak school. This paper puts forward some suggestions, principles, methods and approaches for cultivating the ability of solving mathematical operations in senior one students. A teaching case is given to show the process of cultivating the ability of solving arithmetic in the teaching of mathematics in senior one. The fifth part is a summary and reflection, summarizes some achievements of this study, and prospects for future research.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.6

【参考文献】