高中生电子云学习的调查研究

发布时间：2019-01-05 11:01

【摘要】：电子云相关知识是化学学科的核心内容,也是高中化学微观层面中重要且难的知识,包括:“核外电子运动的特点和状态;电子云本身概念和图像;从电子云角度认识化学键”。核外电子、电子云、化学键都是化学学科的核心概念,学好这部分知识有利于学生对整个中学化学微观知识的理解,是提高学生核心素养的重要保障。本文以高中生对电子云相关知识的认识为出发点,本研究对教师的教,学生的学都有重大指导意义。调查对象分为两类:高二水平学生(新晋高三学生)和高三水平学生(刚参加完高考的学生)。本文主要研究两个问题:(1)了解高二、高三水平学生对电子云相关知识的掌握情况如何;(2)分析高二、高三水平学生对电子云相关知识的掌握是否存在差异,并讨论差异产生的原因。以上述问题为引导,通过查阅文献,在教师对电子云相关知识的认识和对电子云相关知识的教学等文献综述的基础上,以有意义学习理论为指导,采用问卷测试的方法,先整体分析学生对电子云相关知识的认识,再对比分析高二、高三水平学生的认识差异。最后进行总结,并提出教、学建议。通过研究,本文得出如下结论:高二、高三水平学生对电子云相关知识的掌握都处于较低水平,并且在三个方面(核外电子运动的特点和状态,电子云本身的概念和图像,从电子云角度认识化学键)的掌握水平逐渐降低;两个年级的学生对电子云知识的认识有所不同,高三水平学生在三个层次的电子云知识方面的掌握程度都要优于高二水平学生。
[Abstract]:Electronic cloud related knowledge is the core content of chemistry discipline, and it is also an important and difficult knowledge in high school chemistry microcosmic level, including: "characteristics and status of electron movement outside nuclear, electronic cloud itself concept and image;" Understand chemical bonds from the point of view of the electronic cloud. Electron, electron cloud and chemical bond are the core concepts of chemistry. Learning this part of knowledge is helpful for students to understand the microcosmic knowledge of chemistry in the whole middle school, and it is an important guarantee to improve students' core accomplishment. Based on high school students' knowledge of electronic cloud, this study is of great significance to teachers' teaching and students' learning. The subjects were divided into two categories: the sophomore level students (freshmen and junior high students) and the junior high school students (freshmen who had just completed the college entrance examination). This paper mainly studies two questions: (1) to understand how the students of Grade two and Grade three master the knowledge of electronic cloud; (2) analyze whether there are differences in the knowledge of electronic cloud among the students of Grade two and Grade three, and discuss the causes of the differences. Guided by the above questions, based on the literature review of teachers' understanding of electronic cloud knowledge and the teaching of electronic cloud related knowledge, and guided by meaningful learning theory, this paper adopts the method of questionnaire testing. Firstly, the author analyzes the students' understanding of electronic cloud, and then compares the differences between the two and the third levels of senior high school students. Finally, summarize, and put forward teaching, learning suggestions. Through the research, this paper draws the following conclusions: the knowledge of electronic cloud is at a low level in senior two and high school students, and in three aspects (the characteristics and status of electronic motion outside nuclear, the concept and image of electronic cloud itself, etc.) From the perspective of electronic cloud to understand the chemical bond) the level of mastery gradually decreased; The students of the two grades have different understanding of the knowledge of electronic cloud. The students at the third level of senior high school have better mastery of the knowledge of electronic cloud in the three levels than the students in the second level of senior high school.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.8;G434

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