基于心理学理论的中学美术教学目标设计研究

发布时间：2019-01-20 12:15

【摘要】：设计教学目标是开展教学活动的第一步,设计出明确、合理的教学目标是教学成功的前提,它在课程实施上起着重要的导向性作用。但美术教师对教学目标的重视程度十分不足,他们几乎把全部的精力放在了组织教学、设计教学活动、选择教学方法上。这是一种舍本求末的做法。导致这一情况出现的主要原因是,美术教师没有充分意识到教学目标的作用和重要性。此外,部分美术教师设计的教学目标问题重重,尤其是新教师,他们对于如何设计教学目标的理论知识储备不足。因此,我们应该提高美术教师对教学目标的认识,增强对教学目标设计的理论知识学习。学习是人的认知活动,是内在的心理过程。研究学习自然离不开对人类心理的研究。同样教学目标设计也存在心理学理论的指导,当前我国的美术课程目标使用的是三维一体模式。这一目标模式的产生建立在布卢姆、加涅等人的理论基础上。然而在制订中学美术教学目标时,所涉及的心理学内容却不仅仅只有这些。在设计教学目标的具体过程中还有认知心理学、建构主义心理学、人本主义心理学、积极心理学、美育心理学等理论的指导。该研究通过对有关教学目标设计的文献阅读,对布卢姆、加涅的教育目标分类理论深入分析,并与美术学科知识相结合,系统阐述了教学目标设计中的原则、方法、陈述中蕴含的心理学理论。最后选取了典型教学案例进行分析,并尝试在心理学理论的基础上对设计教学目标进行了创新性探索。它为中学美术教师设计教学目标提供了系统的方法,在心理学理论和美术教学的结合方面做了初步探索,以求更多的美术教师补齐教学目标设计相关理论知识的短板,从而做到“知其然,知其所以然”,进一步优化教学效果。
[Abstract]:The design of teaching goal is the first step of carrying out teaching activities. Designing a clear and reasonable teaching goal is the premise of teaching success, and it plays an important guiding role in the implementation of curriculum. However, the art teachers pay less attention to the teaching goal, they almost put all their energy on organizing teaching, designing teaching activities and choosing teaching methods. This is a practice of seeking the end of the book. The main reason for this is that art teachers are not fully aware of the role and importance of teaching objectives. In addition, some art teachers have a lot of problems in the design of teaching objectives, especially new teachers, they lack theoretical knowledge of how to design teaching goals. Therefore, we should improve the art teachers' understanding of the teaching objectives, and enhance the theoretical knowledge of the design of teaching objectives. Learning is a cognitive activity and an internal psychological process. Research and learning can not be separated from the study of human psychology. The teaching goal design also has the psychological theory instruction, at present our country fine arts curriculum goal uses the three-dimensional integration pattern. The formation of this target model is based on the theory of Bloom, Gagne and others. However, when setting the goal of art teaching in middle school, the psychological content involved is not only these. In the course of designing teaching goal, there are some theories such as cognitive psychology, constructivism psychology, humanism psychology, positive psychology, aesthetic education psychology and so on. By reading the literature about the design of teaching objectives, analyzing the classification theory of educational objectives of Bloom and Garner, and combining with the knowledge of fine arts, this study systematically expounds the principles and methods of the design of teaching objectives. The psychological theory contained in the statement. Finally, the typical teaching cases are selected to analyze, and an innovative exploration of the design teaching goal is made on the basis of psychological theory. It provides a systematic method for middle school art teachers to design teaching objectives, and makes a preliminary exploration in the combination of psychological theory and art teaching, in order to make up for more art teachers to fill up the short board of theoretical knowledge related to teaching goal design. In order to achieve "know its natural, know it why", further optimize the teaching effect.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.955

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