太原市校园足球特色学校高中足球队体能训练研究

发布时间：2019-02-14 11:43

【摘要】：我国足球运动水平整体不高,其中运动员的体能表现不佳是造成这一现状的主要原因。体能训练是一个长期的积累过程,青少年时期是系统训练体能最重要的阶段。我国青少年校园足球活动自2009年起正式启动,目的之一就是发现并培育优秀青少年足球人才、振兴中国足球事业。太原市校园足球活动于2011年起开始启动。青少年处于身体素质发展的敏感期,这一时期的体能训练直接决定了其成年后的体能水平。然而在青少年足球体能训练工作中,我们还存在诸多问题,如体能问题认识上有缺陷、体能训练组织与实施过程不科学、体能评价手段单一和片面等。本文通过采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法以及数理统计法,了解太原市校园足球特色学校高中足球队的体能训练情况,分析体能训练的现状与存在的问题,找出影响因素,得出了以下结论:(1)教练员的数量不能满足需要,参与足球教学与训练工作的时间普遍较短,尤其是缺乏经验的年轻教练员在这一方面更为明显;在体能训练的组织与实施过程中,老教练员主导训练。虽然他们拥有丰富的训练经验,但在很大程度上仍沿用以往的训练方法。(2)教练员近3年参与的业务培训,无论是数量还是质量均有待提高,业务培训存在名额限制、周期短、缺乏体能知识板块等问题,配备的统一教材缺少体能训练环节的指导。(3)大部分教练员认为有设置体能教练的必要,但实施这一诉求还存在一定困难;引进的国外优秀足球教练员数量有限,巡回教学导致每支队伍实际上获得的指导十分有限,而且大部分指导内容集中于技术和战术,对体能训练环节的贡献不足。(4)体能计划制定的科学性不足,缺少对个体差异的关注,教练员对部分基础性训练原则及训练方法认识不清或不全面。除了受限于教练员的业务经历和培训工作外,还由于教练员的主观能动性较低以及工作压力较大。(5)体能训练器材的种类少、功能单一并且数量匮乏,不能满足科学训练的需要;教练员和球员双方都对恢复与营养、运动损伤的重视程度不足。
[Abstract]:The level of football in our country is not high as a whole, among which the poor physical performance of athletes is the main reason for the present situation. Physical fitness training is a long-term accumulation process, and adolescent period is the most important stage of systematic physical training. The youth campus football activities in our country have been officially started since 2009, one of the purposes of which is to discover and cultivate outstanding youth football talents and to revitalize the Chinese football industry. Taiyuan campus football activities started in 2011. Teenagers are in a sensitive period of physical development, and physical training in this period directly determines their physical level in adulthood. However, there are still many problems in the physical fitness training of young people, such as the defects in the understanding of physical fitness problems, the unscientific organization and implementation process of physical fitness training, the single and one-sided means of physical fitness evaluation and so on. By using the methods of literature, questionnaire, interview and mathematical statistics, this paper analyzes the current situation and existing problems of the physical fitness training of the senior high school football team in Taiyuan campus football characteristic school. Find out the influencing factors, and draw the following conclusions: (1) the number of coaches can not meet the needs, the time to participate in football teaching and training work is generally shorter, especially the lack of experience of young coaches in this respect more obvious; In the process of organizing and implementing physical training, the old coaches lead the training. Although they have rich training experience, to a large extent, they still follow the previous training methods. (2) the number and quality of business training in which coaches have participated in nearly three years need to be improved, and there are quotas for business training. Short cycle, lack of physical knowledge, lack of physical fitness training links with the unified teaching materials to guide. (3) most coaches think it is necessary to set up physical fitness coaches, but there are still some difficulties in implementing this demand; The number of imported foreign excellent football coaches is limited, the roving teaching results in very limited guidance for each team, and most of the guidance is focused on technology and tactics. (4) lack of scientific ability planning, lack of attention to individual differences, coaches on some basic training principles and training methods are not clear or comprehensive. In addition to being limited by the coaches' business experience and training work, it is also due to the coaches' low subjective initiative and greater work pressure. (5) physical training equipment has few types, single function and lack of quantity. Unable to meet the needs of scientific training; Both coaches and players pay less attention to recovery and nutrition and sports injuries.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.96

【参考文献】