高中生科学素养评价指标体系及问卷建构研究

发布时间：2019-04-13 09:46

【摘要】：综合多年中国公民科学素养调查,结果显示:尽管具有合格科学素养的公民比重在不断增加,但与发达国家相比依然相差甚远,提高我国公民科学素养迫在眉睫。同时我们也要看到,该调查面向群体为社会工作人员,并无针对高中生这一我国公民中的重要群体,特别是缺乏相应的评价标准和测评工具等因素,无法得知其科学素养的发展水平。论文以高中生为例,根据现有的科学素养评价结构框架,基于一定的理论基础,总结制定出适用于高中生的评价指标体系,包含评价指标、评价标准和测评问卷。通过对预测试问卷数据的项目分析、因素分析删除不合要求的题项,然后问卷经同质性检验、层面题项加总分析验证以及科隆巴赫系数检验,删除相关题项后验证分析,完善最终问卷。研究过程中发现,在编制测评指标框架时需要综合考虑国内外现有科学素养测评框架和模型,在分配权重时同样要考虑高中教育目的以及教育内容,参考教师专家的意见,过多过细的科学素养指标划分并不一定能取得预期的效果,反而会给操作可行性增加障碍;在编制问卷题目过程中需要充分考虑到高中生的学习内容、认知水平和日常生活的经验以及内容与评级指标的关联性。此次框架构建及问卷的预测试及问卷架构的论证研究,都将为高中生科学素养现状的测评以及理科课程改革和教材的编写提供真实可靠的框架和数据支持。
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation of Chinese citizens' scientific literacy for many years, the results show that although the proportion of citizens with qualified scientific literacy is increasing, it is still far from that of developed countries, and it is urgent to improve the scientific literacy of Chinese citizens. At the same time, we should also see that the survey is aimed at social workers, and does not target high school students as an important group of citizens in our country, especially the lack of corresponding evaluation criteria and evaluation tools, and so on. It is impossible to know the development level of its scientific literacy. Taking senior high school students as an example, according to the existing scientific literacy evaluation structure framework, based on a certain theoretical basis, the paper summarizes and formulates the evaluation index system suitable for senior high school students, including evaluation index, evaluation criteria and evaluation questionnaire. Through the item analysis of the forecast questionnaire data, the factor analysis deletes the undesired item, then the questionnaire passes the homogeneity test, the level question item adds the total analysis verification and the Colognbach coefficient test, after the deletion related item verification analysis, the verification analysis, Perfect the final questionnaire. In the course of the research, it is necessary to consider the existing scientific literacy assessment framework and model at home and abroad, and to consider the purpose and content of senior high school education, and to refer to the opinions of teachers and experts in the preparation of the evaluation index framework. Too much scientific literacy index division does not necessarily achieve the expected effect, but will add obstacles to the feasibility of operation; It is necessary to take into account the learning content, cognitive level and daily life experience of senior high school students, as well as the relationship between the content and the rating index in the process of compiling the questionnaire questions. The construction of the framework, the prediction of the questionnaire and the argumentation of the questionnaire structure will provide a true and reliable framework and data support for the assessment of the present situation of high school students' scientific literacy, as well as the reform of the science curriculum and the compilation of the teaching materials.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.98

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