中医正骨仿真系统中有限元模型的建立与分析

发布时间：2019-02-24 15:13

【摘要】：目的:本课题是中医正骨仿真训练系统研究的子课题,主要研究将医学图像三维重建技术和有限元方法结合应用于正骨手法研究。首先建立正常肱骨三维有限元模型,验证模型的有效性,再建立A3型肱骨骨干骨折三维有限元模型,并分析中医正骨手法作用下骨折模型的生物力学改变,将手法操作过程中的力学特征进行数值化提取和分析,推测手法的作用机制。方法:选择一位健康的青年男性志愿者,对其上肢自尺桡骨上端至肱骨头进行连续断层扫描,层厚设为2mm,共得到193张二维CT图像。将CT数据导入MIMICS软件中,通过图像分割、三维重建、划分网格和材料属性赋值,构建正常肱骨有限元模型,利用ANSYS软件进行力学分析,与文献中肱骨的生物力学数据相比较,以此验证模型的有效性。在正常肱骨模型上划定骨折线,构建的A3型肱骨干骨折模型,结合ANSYS软件对骨折模型进行手法模拟的应力应变分析。结果:利用MIMICS软件实现了肱骨CT图像的精确分割,建立了正常肱骨和A3型肱骨干骨折三维模型,对几何模型划分网格,并按均匀赋值法赋予骨骼材料属性,转化成有限元模型。利用ANSYS软件,对模型加载载荷,模拟生物力学实验和中医正骨手法,验证了模型的有效性,并分析了手法的力学特征。结论:将医学图像三维重建技术和有限元分析方法应用于中医正骨手法的力学研究是可行的。课题建立的正常肱骨和肱骨干骨折模型,不仅外形细腻逼真,而且经验证其物理特性与真实人体骨骼相接近,能够很好地反映骨骼的力学变化,实现手法的定量分析,有利于推测作用机制。后续研究中,将增加肌肉组织的模拟和实体生物力学实验做对比分析,增加结果的可靠性。
[Abstract]:Objective: this subject is a sub-subject of Chinese medicine orthopedic bone simulation training system. It mainly studies the application of 3D reconstruction technology of medical image and finite element method to orthopaedic manipulations. Firstly, the normal three-dimensional finite element model of humerus was established to verify the validity of the model, and then the three-dimensional finite element model of A3 type fracture of humeral shaft was established, and the biomechanical changes of the fracture model under the action of orthopaedic manipulation of traditional Chinese medicine were analyzed. The mechanical characteristics of manipulation were extracted and analyzed numerically, and the mechanism of manipulation was speculated. Methods: a healthy young male volunteer was selected and his upper limb was scanned continuously from the upper end of the ulna and radius to the head of the humerus. The slice thickness was 2 mm. A total of 193 2D CT images were obtained. The CT data was introduced into MIMICS software. The normal humeral finite element model was constructed by image segmentation, 3D reconstruction, meshing and material attribute assignment. The mechanical analysis of the normal humerus was carried out by using ANSYS software. The results were compared with the biomechanical data of humerus in the literature. The validity of the model is verified. The fracture line was delineated on the normal humeral model and the A3 type humeral shaft fracture model was constructed. The stress and strain analysis of manual simulation of the fracture model was carried out with ANSYS software. Results: the accurate segmentation of humeral CT images was realized by using MIMICS software. The 3D models of normal humerus and A3 type humeral shaft fractures were established. The geometric models were meshed, and the properties of bone materials were assigned according to the uniform assignment method, and the finite element model was transformed into a finite element model. The ANSYS software was used to load the model, simulate the biomechanics experiment and traditional Chinese medicine orthopaedic manipulation to verify the validity of the model, and analyze the mechanical characteristics of the manipulation. Conclusion: it is feasible to apply three-dimensional medical image reconstruction and finite element analysis to the mechanical study of orthopaedic manipulation in traditional Chinese medicine. The model of normal humerus and humeral shaft fracture established by the subject not only has fine and realistic appearance, but also has been proved to be close to the real human skeleton, which can well reflect the mechanical changes of bone and realize the quantitative analysis of manipulations. It is helpful to speculate the mechanism of action. In the follow-up study, the simulation of muscle tissue and the physical biomechanical experiment will be compared and analyzed to increase the reliability of the results.
【学位授予单位】：山东中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R274

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