第二代宪法问题——如何讲述美国早期宪政史

发布时间：2018-03-23 03:09

本文选题：第二代宪法　切入点：宪法时刻　出处：《环球法律评论》2014年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】："第二代宪法"作为一个理论问题的提出,意在超越现有的关于美国早期宪法史的主流叙事。在由第二代宪法所组织起的早期宪法史叙事结构内,"代际"是宪法叙事的基本单元,美国早期宪法史由主流的"建国——重建"两阶叙事转化为"第一代——第二代一第三代"的三代叙事。传统的两阶叙事讲述的是一种"转型"故事,即重建对建国宪制的再造,而三代叙事则关切由第二代国家构建者所开创的守法道路,关键问题呈现为第二代是如何在漫长的建国时刻中守护并且传承原初宪制的。生活在"内战前",美国第二代国家构建者所面对的结构性难题即是建国者通过制宪所规定的究竟是何种性质的联邦共同体。他们的政治求索未能挽救美国免于内战,但在守法主义的宪政视野内,他们并不是毫无作为的一代人。在三代叙事结构内,第二代与其说是"失败"的一代,不如说是"悲剧"的一代:他们面对着联邦党人宪制所遗留的建国不彻底难题,却无法启动制宪权进行完制续造,而只能在原初宪制框架内进行一次又一次的治标而不治本的妥协。
[Abstract]:The second Generation Constitution was raised as a theoretical issue. "Intergenerational" is the basic unit of constitutional narration within the narrative structure of the early constitutional history organized by the second generation constitution. The early constitutional history of the United States was transformed from the mainstream narrative of "the founding of the people's Republic of China" to that of the third generation of "the first generation-the second generation and the third generation." the traditional two-stage narrative tells a story of "transformation", that is, the reconstruction of the constitution of the founding of the people's Republic. The third generation narratives are concerned about the law-abiding path created by the second generation of nation-builders, The key question is how the second generation guarded and inherited the original constitution during the long time of the founding of the nation. Living "before the civil war," the second generation of American nation builders faced the structural problem of the founding fathers through the constitution. What is the nature of the federal community? their political quest failed to save the United States from civil war. But in the perspective of law-abiding constitutionalism, they are not a generation without doing nothing. In the three-generation narrative structure, the second generation is not so much a "failed" generation. Rather, the "tragic" generation: faced with the incomplete problems of statehood left by the federal constitution, they were unable to initiate the constitutional right to complete the renewal of the constitution. But only in the original constitutional framework again and again, but not the permanent compromise.
【作者单位】：重庆大学人文社会科学高等研究院;
【分类号】：D971.2;DD911

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