论法律推理的不确定性及其克服

发布时间：2018-05-12 22:21

本文选题：法律推理 + 不确定性　；参考：《广东商学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：法律推理的确定性与不确定性问题，对此争论由来已久，这涉及到逻辑、事实、价值等层面各方面的因素。法律推理的确定性意味着推理的稳定性、可预测性，这是法治的客观要求，然而在社会生活法律实践中确始终存在着不确定性。因此，不论是18、19世纪的强调法律推理确定性一面的法学流派（如盛行欧洲的概念法学、美国的形式主义法学），还是20世纪初的强调不确定性一面的法学流派（如怀疑主义法学、批判主义法学等）都只是从不同层面来揭示法律推理的本质，却都具有一定的片面性。本文在批判性吸收的基础上，通过对法律推理不确定性的分析，探寻法律推理理论自身的发展方向，将我们关注的焦点转移到法律推理的前提法律适用与事实认定上，关注选择和确定法律推理前提的过程中存在的不确定性的因素，即通过分析不确定性产生的原因和表现形式，有针对性地克服在法律推理过程中的不确定性，达到法律推理确定性的相对稳定。全文分为四个部分。主要内容如下：第一部分，提出问题。指出法律推理不确定性研究的前置性问题，即关于推理确定性与否问题，主要是逻辑与经验、严格规则适用与自由裁量的问题。第二部分，阐述法律推理从确定性到不确定性的发展脉络，，以及确定性的价值、意义与不确定性的存在对司法过程的影响。第三部分，分析法律推理不确定性的表现形式及其原因，揭示对法律推理确定性内容的有力挑战的源流。第四部分，通过对不确定性的分析，来相对降低、克服法律推理不确定性的一面，主要论述相对克服不确定性一面的方法，来对确定性的重新构建。
[Abstract]:The question of certainty and uncertainty in legal reasoning has been debated for a long time, which involves logic, facts, value and other factors. The certainty of legal reasoning means the stability and predictability of reasoning, which is the objective requirement of the rule of law. However, there is always uncertainty in the legal practice of social life. Therefore, whether it is the 1819 century school of law that emphasizes the certainty side of legal reasoning (such as the prevailing European conceptual jurisprudence, the American formalism of jurisprudence, or the early 20th century school of law emphasizing the uncertain side, such as skepticism law, All of them reveal the essence of legal reasoning from different levels, but all have certain one-sidedness. On the basis of critical absorption, through the analysis of the uncertainty of legal reasoning, this paper explores the direction of development of the theory of legal reasoning, and shifts our focus to the premise of legal reasoning and the recognition of facts. Attention is paid to the uncertainty factors in the process of selecting and determining the premise of legal reasoning, that is, by analyzing the causes and manifestations of the uncertainty, the uncertainty in the process of legal reasoning can be overcome pertinently. The certainty of legal reasoning is relatively stable. The full text is divided into four parts. The main contents are as follows: The first part, raises the question. This paper points out the presupposition of the research on the uncertainty of legal reasoning, that is, whether the reasoning is deterministic or not, mainly the problems of logic and experience, the application of strict rules and the issue of discretion. The second part describes the development of legal reasoning from certainty to uncertainty, as well as the value of certainty, meaning and the existence of uncertainty on the judicial process. The third part analyzes the forms and causes of uncertainty of legal reasoning and reveals the source of the powerful challenge to the deterministic content of legal reasoning. The fourth part, through the analysis of the uncertainty, to reduce the uncertainty, to overcome the uncertainty of legal reasoning, mainly discusses the method of overcoming the uncertainty, to rebuild the certainty.
【学位授予单位】：广东商学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D90-051

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