美国公立中小学校园搜查行为研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 14:06

本文选题：美国教育 + 公立中小学　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,美国公立中小学校园安全环境受到威胁,各种影响校园安全的不和谐因素日益增多,其中因为学生的主体性行为而导致的不安全因素尤其突出。如学生携带违禁书刊、考试作弊,吸毒、持枪带刀、攻击他人等等,给平静的校园抹上了一笔灰色的色彩。面对此种教育实务可能出现的情况,学校或教师在基于维护校园安全秩序的考量以及学校管理的需要,在必要的情况下,不得不对学生的身体、书包或者是储物柜等施以强制性的搜查行为。通过搜查可以发现学生的问题行为,并且可以进一步制止学生扰乱教学秩序、危及校园安全的问题行为。然而,如何在公民的权利与校园的安全两者之间求得适当的平衡,就成为了美国教育和社会界所共同面对和关注的问题。本文通过对美国公立中小学校园搜查行为的研究,以期为中小学校园搜查行为的研究提供一个崭新的思路。本文采用的研究方法主要有文献检索法、案例研究法、比较研究法。全文共分为五个部分：第一部分,引言。主要阐明本文选题的缘由和目的、研究内容和研究意义,指明本文的研究思路和研究方法。第二部分,主要对美国公立中小学校园搜查行为的理论基础行了探讨。首先,探讨了美国的司法体制,对美国联邦法院制度的组织,教育权与相关案例的归属,以及判例法的法律程序进行了分析。其次,明晰了美国公立中小学学生权利保障的发源依据,最后论述了校园安全理论、正当程序理论、权利保障理论是美国公立中小学校园搜查的法理基础。第三部分,美国公立中小学校园搜查行为的实施。首先,阐述了美国校园搜查管理部门的管理制度与精神。其次,剖析了美国校园搜查行为的目的、性质和合理范围。最后,对美国公立中小学校园搜查行为进行了判例分析。第四部分,美国公立中小学校园搜查行为的法律争议与平衡。首先,对美国公立中小学校园搜查行为的法律争议进行了梳理。其次,归纳出美国公立中小学搜查行为的六大争议平衡点。最后,对美国公立中小学搜查行为进行了进一步的认识与反思。第五部分,首先对我国中小学校园搜查行为的合理性做出了分析。其次,对我国中小学校园搜查行为存在的问题与原因进行了分析。最后,针对美国公立中小学校园搜查的特点以及我国的具体实际,提出了对我国校园搜查的合理性建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the security environment of public primary and secondary schools in the United States is threatened, and a variety of disharmonious factors affecting campus security are increasing day by day, among which the unsafe factors caused by students' subjective behavior are especially prominent. Students carrying banned books and magazines, cheating in exams, taking drugs, carrying guns and knives, attacking others, and so on, paint the calm campus with a gray color. In the face of the possible situation in such educational practice, schools or teachers, based on considerations of maintaining the safety and order of the campus and the needs of school management, have to, if necessary, have to deal with the body of the students. Schoolbags or lockers, etc., are subject to mandatory searches. The problem behavior of students can be found by searching, and the problem behavior of disturbing teaching order and endangering the safety of campus can be stopped further. However, how to strike a proper balance between the rights of citizens and the safety of campus has become a common problem that American educational and social circles face and pay close attention to. This paper aims to provide a new idea for the research of campus search behavior in American public primary and middle schools. The research methods used in this paper are literature retrieval method, case study method and comparative research method. The full text is divided into five parts: The first part, introduction. This paper mainly expounds the reason and purpose, the content and significance of the research, and points out the research ideas and methods. The second part mainly discusses the theoretical basis of campus search in American public primary and middle schools. First, it discusses the judicial system of the United States, analyzes the organization of the United States federal court system, the right to education and the ownership of relevant cases, as well as the legal procedures of case law. Secondly, it clarifies the origin of student rights guarantee in American public primary and secondary schools, and finally discusses the theory of campus security, due process theory and right protection theory, which is the legal basis of campus search in American public primary and secondary schools. The third part is the implementation of campus search in American public primary and middle schools. First of all, the management system and spirit of American campus search management department are expounded. Secondly, the purpose, nature and reasonable scope of American campus search are analyzed. Finally, the case study of campus search in public primary and secondary schools in the United States is carried out. The fourth part, the American public primary and middle school campus search behavior legal dispute and the balance. Firstly, the legal dispute about campus search in American public primary and middle schools is combed out. Secondly, it concludes the six controversial balance points of public primary and middle school search behavior in the United States. Finally, the search behavior of public primary and secondary schools in the United States is further recognized and reflected. In the fifth part, the rationality of campus search in primary and secondary schools is analyzed. Secondly, the paper analyzes the problems and causes of campus search in primary and secondary schools. Finally, according to the characteristics of campus search in American public primary and middle schools and the actual situation of our country, the reasonable suggestions of campus search in our country are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D971.2

【参考文献】