论马里旦的国家学说

发布时间：2018-08-01 10:14

【摘要】：国家问题一直是法学领域中兴盛不衰的重要话题，对国家问题的回答直接触及到社会的根基，并且会严重影响一个国家法律体系的构造。马里旦从新人道主义角度出发，提出了属于自己的一套完整的国家学说，影响甚广。本论文的研究对象为马里旦的国家学说，研究重点是对马里旦的国家学说进行系统的概述，探究马里旦国家学说的真实内涵，以期待能为以后的马里旦思想的研究者提供其关于国家的全面理解。全文共分为三个部分，引言、第一至第四章及结语。引言部分概述了马里旦的生平及相关著作，并对马里旦关于国家的著作进行了汇总，这也是本论文主要的参考资料和文献。此外，还介绍了国内外马里旦学说的研究状况。第一章介绍了马里旦的思想渊源，其思想主要来源于托马斯·阿奎那、亚里士多德及现代西方社会学；并且介绍了马里旦国家学说产生的时代背景，，主要是论述当时的法学背景；同时探讨了马里旦国家学说的法理学基础，新人道主义、自然法和人权理论是马里旦国家学说的基础。第二章阐述了马里旦对国家的重新界定，他认为国家是政治体的最高组成部分，从属于政治体并为其服务；同时论述了马里旦对主权概念的批判，国家和政治体是不握有主权的，只有上帝才拥有主权。第三章主要介绍了马里旦现代国家民主政制思想，包括民主的共同信仰、民主意识的培养和保护，以及民主国家中国家与人民的关系。第四章是对马里旦对未来国家的设想——世界政府构想的阐述，包括其产生的原因、建立世界政府的必要性以及世界政府的模式等内容。最后一部分是结语，概述了学术界对马里旦国家学说的相关评析，同时阐述了笔者对马里旦国家学说的看法。综上所述，本文中笔者对马里旦国家学说的主要内容做出了概述，同时也表达了笔者在梳理的过程中所思考的一些问题。马里旦作为一名资深的法学家，他的许多思想是值得我们研究的，希望通过本论文的探讨能够有助于大家理解马里旦的国家学说。
[Abstract]:The question of the state has always been an important topic in the field of law. The answer to the question of the state directly touches the foundation of the society and will seriously affect the structure of the legal system of a country. From the point of view of new humanitarianism, Mari Dan put forward his own complete state doctrine, which has a wide influence. The research object of this paper is the national theory of Malian Dan. The emphasis of the research is to make a systematic summary of the national theory of Malian Dan, and to explore the true connotation of the national theory of Malian Dan. It is expected to provide a comprehensive understanding of the country for future Malian thought researchers. The full text is divided into three parts, the introduction, the first to the fourth chapter and the conclusion. The introduction part summarizes the life of Malian Dan and related works, and summarizes the works of Mali Dan about the country, which is also the main reference and literature of this paper. In addition, the research status of Malian Dan theory at home and abroad is also introduced. The first chapter introduces the origin of Maritan's thoughts, mainly from Thomas Aquinas, Aristotle and modern western sociology, and introduces the background of the emergence of Malian's theory of state. It mainly discusses the background of law at that time, and probes into the legal basis of the theory of Malian state, and the theory of new humanitarianism, natural law and human rights is the basis of the theory of Malian state. The second chapter expounds the redefinition of the state by Malian Dan, who believes that the state is the highest component of the political system, subordinate to and at the service of the political body, and discusses the criticism of the concept of sovereignty by Mali Dan. The state and the political system do not hold sovereignty, only God has sovereignty. The third chapter mainly introduces the democratic political system thought of the modern country of Mali, including the common belief of democracy, the cultivation and protection of democratic consciousness, and the relationship between the state and the people in the democratic country. The fourth chapter is the elaboration of the idea of the world government, including the reasons for its emergence, the necessity of establishing the world government, and the mode of the world government. The last part is the conclusion, which summarizes the academic circles' comments on the Malian state theory, and expounds the author's views on the Mali Dan state theory. To sum up, the author summarizes the main contents of the national doctrine of Mali, and also expresses some problems that the author thinks about in the process of combing. As a senior jurist, Maritan's many thoughts are worthy of our study. It is hoped that the discussion in this paper will help us to understand the national theory of Maritan.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D90

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