美国少年法院的刑事政策变迁及启示
发布时间：2018-08-22 14:13
【摘要】：美国以国家亲权思想为指引,秉持保护优先的理念,于1899年在芝加哥设立世界上第一个少年法院,开创少年司法与成人司法相区隔之先河,并逐渐影响其他国家的少年法制。但由于社会背景的变化,美国少年法院舍弃最初的保护主义理念而走上严罚路线,与普通的刑事法院别无二致,这样的少年法院失去了其独立存在的价值,而被少年法院处遇的少年,其少年时期的身心特点逐渐被忽视,少年的最佳利益被"行为-责任"的线性思考模式所取代,少年被视为社会防卫的客体,被排斥到社会的边缘。中国应汲取美国的经验与教训创设独立少年法院,坚持保护而非严罚的理念,随着社会的开放加大保护力度,逐步完善少年司法制度。
[Abstract]:Guided by the idea of national paternity, the United States set up the world's first juvenile court in Chicago in 1899, guided by the idea of priority of protection, which pioneered the separation of juvenile justice from adult justice, and gradually influenced the juvenile legal system in other countries. However, due to the change of social background, the juvenile courts in the United States have abandoned the original concept of protectionism and taken the line of severe punishment, which is the same as the ordinary criminal courts. Such juvenile courts have lost their value of independent existence. In juvenile court, the physical and mental characteristics of juvenile are gradually ignored, the best interests of the juvenile are replaced by the linear thinking mode of "Behavioral responsibility", and the juvenile is regarded as the object of social defense and excluded to the edge of society. China should learn from the experience and lessons of the United States to establish an independent juvenile court, adhere to the concept of protection rather than severe punishment, and gradually improve the juvenile justice system with the opening up of society and the strengthening of protection.
【作者单位】： 台北大学法律学院;
【分类号】：D971.2
[Abstract]:Guided by the idea of national paternity, the United States set up the world's first juvenile court in Chicago in 1899, guided by the idea of priority of protection, which pioneered the separation of juvenile justice from adult justice, and gradually influenced the juvenile legal system in other countries. However, due to the change of social background, the juvenile courts in the United States have abandoned the original concept of protectionism and taken the line of severe punishment, which is the same as the ordinary criminal courts. Such juvenile courts have lost their value of independent existence. In juvenile court, the physical and mental characteristics of juvenile are gradually ignored, the best interests of the juvenile are replaced by the linear thinking mode of "Behavioral responsibility", and the juvenile is regarded as the object of social defense and excluded to the edge of society. China should learn from the experience and lessons of the United States to establish an independent juvenile court, adhere to the concept of protection rather than severe punishment, and gradually improve the juvenile justice system with the opening up of society and the strengthening of protection.
【作者单位】： 台北大学法律学院;
【分类号】：D971.2
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