清代死刑案件审理程序研究

发布时间：2018-08-26 07:50

【摘要】：清代死刑案件审理程序是我国古代刑事案件审理程序的集大成者,其程序的运转在专制社会国家机器的运作中起到的作用不可忽视。在程序设置上,初审程序、复审程序以及复核程序环环相扣、联系紧密,同时还可能伴随上诉程序,非常精密。凭借所收集的清代那些尽可能多的不同类型的司法资料,我画出了我期望中的整个死刑案件的审理程序以及与其相关的社会状况的画面,并以此为基础作出评析。笔者认为,清代的死刑案件审理程序严密而规范,内容复杂且丰富。因此,笔者希望程序中的那些合理因素能对现代社会刑事诉讼程序的完善有所借鉴。本文主要分为五个部分进行论述：绪论部分主要论述了清代死刑案件审理程序研究的重要性以及学术界对此问题研究上的不足,在分析前人研究成果的基础上,发现前人在死刑案件的诉讼研究上具有重制度研究轻程序考察、重部分程序的研究而忽略全局考察的不足。笔者以此为基础,进而提出了本文的选题意义和写作目的。第一章为清代死刑案件审理程序法律规定考释,主要从国家法典的角度梳理有关死刑案件审理程序的法律规定,通过对这些规定的分类总结,笔者发现虽然《大清律例》呈现出诸法合体、实体法与程序法合体的特点,但法典对刑事诉讼程序的规定却是比较细致和完整的。因此,笔者对学术界普遍认为清代有关诉讼程序的法律规定是粗疏和简陋的这一结论提出异议。第二章为清代死刑案件审理流程,笔者将本章分为初审流程、复审流程、上诉流程和复核流程四部分,主要对清代死刑案件审理的各级程序按照当时实际的操作顺序进行接近实态的还原、做一系统的梳理。第三章为清代死刑案件审理程序的特点及其评价,分为特点、评价和现代审视三部分。在对特点作了较为完整的总结后,阐释了清代死刑案件审理程序对社会控制的重要作用。最后,本文提出了此程序的可资借鉴之处,即继承彰显人道主义的慎刑恤罚的刑罚理念、健全死刑救济制度和收复死刑核准权归国家最高司法机构所有。最后的结语部分,得出了本文研究的结论,即清代死刑案件的审理程序严密而规范,审理内容复杂且丰富,此程序若不是被高度集权的专制政治统治长期束缚,必然能发挥积极的作用。
[Abstract]:The procedure of trial of death penalty cases in Qing Dynasty is the master of criminal trial procedure in ancient China. The operation of the procedure can not be ignored in the operation of the state machine in the autocratic society. In the procedure setting, the first instance procedure, the retrial procedure and the review procedure are closely linked, and may be accompanied by the appeal procedure, which is very sophisticated. With the collection of as many different types of judicial materials as possible in the Qing Dynasty, I drew a picture of the entire death penalty trial process I expected and the social conditions associated with it, on which I made an assessment. The author believes that the death penalty cases in the Qing Dynasty were strict and standardized, complicated and rich in content. Therefore, the author hopes that the reasonable factors in the procedure can be used for reference to the perfection of criminal procedure in modern society. This paper is mainly divided into five parts: the introduction part mainly discusses the importance of the study of the death penalty cases in the Qing Dynasty and the deficiencies of the academic research on this issue, on the basis of the analysis of the previous research results, It is found that the former scholars pay more attention to the research of system than to the investigation of procedure, to the study of part of procedure, but to the study of the whole situation. Based on this, the author puts forward the significance and purpose of this paper. The first chapter is the legal provisions on the trial procedure of death penalty cases in the Qing Dynasty, mainly combing the legal provisions on the trial procedure of death penalty cases from the point of view of the national code, and summarizing the legal provisions through the classification of these provisions. The author finds that although the laws and regulations of the Qing Dynasty show the characteristics of the combination of various laws, substantive laws and procedural laws, the provisions of the Code on Criminal procedure are more detailed and complete. Therefore, the author disagrees with the conclusion that the legal provisions on litigation procedure in Qing Dynasty were crude and crude. The second chapter is the trial process of death penalty cases in Qing Dynasty. The author divides this chapter into four parts: the first instance process, the review process, the appeal process and the review process. According to the actual operation sequence at that time, the procedure of the death penalty cases in Qing Dynasty was reduced to the real state, and a systematic combing was made. The third chapter is the characteristics and evaluation of the trial procedure of death penalty cases in Qing Dynasty, which is divided into three parts: characteristics, evaluation and modern examination. After a relatively complete summary of the characteristics, this paper expounds the important role of the trial procedure of death penalty cases in the Qing Dynasty on social control. Finally, this paper puts forward the reference of this procedure, that is, inheriting the criminal idea of showing humanitarianism, perfecting the system of death penalty relief and recovering the approval power of death penalty, which belongs to the highest judicial organ of the country. The conclusion of this paper is that the trial procedure of death penalty cases in Qing Dynasty is strict and standard, and the content of the trial is complex and rich. If this procedure is not bound by the autocratic political rule of high centralization for a long time, Must be able to play a positive role.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D929;D925.2

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