从“类”字的应用看中国古代法律及律学的发展

发布时间：2018-03-04 16:06

本文选题：中国传统律学　切入点：类　出处：《环球法律评论》2015年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国传统律学有着研究关键字的传统,"律母"、"律眼"即是这一传统的典型代表,但它忽略了另一关键字,即"类"字,它应当是中国传统律学的一个核心范畴。因为:第一,在中国古代法律中,如果没有"类"字及其蕴涵的分类方法、类型化方法,法律将变得繁复苛碎,就不可能出现较高水平的法律。第二,在中国古代律学作品中,如果没有"类"字及"类推解释"方法,就不可能出现高水平的律注作品。第三,在中国古代司法中,以"类"为基础的观念与方法始终居于主导地位。"类"字犹如一把打开中国传统律学大门的钥匙,其功能与作用不可替代。"类"理论及方法并非外来物,而是一种本土资源,早在战国时期荀子与墨家后学就发展出了比较系统的类理论,古人在编纂辞书、类书时也运用到了比较高超的分类技巧,它们对中国古代立法技术的提高有很大促进作用。当然,中国古代"类"理论及方法也有一定的局限性,这对中国古代法律及律学的发展产生了一定的消极影响。
[Abstract]:Chinese traditional law has a tradition of studying keywords, "law mother" and "law eye" are typical representatives of this tradition, but it ignores another keyword, that is, "class", which should be a core category of Chinese traditional law. In ancient Chinese law, if there were no "class" word and its implied classification method, typology, the law would become complicated and harsh, and there would be no higher level of law. Second, in the works of ancient Chinese law, Without the word "class" and the method of "analogy interpretation", it would not be possible to have a high level of legal notes. Third, in ancient Chinese justice, The concept and method based on "class" always occupy the leading position. The word "class" is like a key to opening the door of Chinese traditional law, and its function and function can not be replaced. The theory and method of "class" are not foreign things, but a kind of native resources. As early as the warring States period, Xunzi and Mohism developed a more systematic theory of classification, and the ancients also applied superior classification techniques in compiling dictionaries and class books. Of course, there are some limitations in the theory and method of "class" in ancient China, which has a certain negative impact on the development of law and law in ancient China.
【作者单位】：西南大学法学院;
【基金】：2015年国家社会科学基金项目“现代法治视角下的中国传统法律方法研究”(15BFX024)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D929

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