法律行为生效:一种新要件体系的证成

发布时间：2018-05-21 01:12

本文选题：法律行为效力 + 私人自治原则　；参考：《法商研究》2012年03期

【摘要】：根据我国现行民法理论,法律行为生效必须具备成立要件与有效要件,且这两项要件均应被正面、并列地规定。这一理论固有其历史价值,但其所主张的"成立要件只关涉法律行为成立、仅有效要件直接关涉法律行为生效"的思维模式存在重大缺陷,应予改进。其优化方案是:建立"成立推定有效"规则,并使积极性的"有效要件"转变为消极性的"效力阻却事由"。这一优化方案有助于真切地贯彻私人自治原则,实现民法内在体系与外在体系的协调一致,并契合"生效影响因素规范"的辅助规则功能、第二性规则角色以及该规则工具性和空洞性的独特品质。这一优化方案在法律规范的功用发挥上也显示出必要性和重要价值。这一优化方案厘清了各种影响法律行为生效的因素之间以及其与私人自治原则之间的意义脉络,并借"成立要件+效力阻却事由"制度建立了法律行为生效的"要件体系",从而凸显私人自治原则对法律行为效力发生的决定性作用,并使私人自治获得体系性的实现。
[Abstract]:According to the current theory of civil law in our country, the effective legal act must have the elements of establishment and validity, and these two elements should be positively and juxtaposed. This theory has its own historical value, but its thinking mode of "the establishment element is only concerned with the establishment of the legal act, and only the effective element is directly related to the legal act effective" has great defects, which should be improved. The optimization scheme is to establish the rule of "establishing presumption of validity" and to change the "effective elements" of enthusiasm into the negative "effective hindrance". This optimization scheme is helpful for the implementation of the principle of private autonomy, the harmony between the internal and external systems of civil law, and the function of the auxiliary rules of the "norms of effective influencing factors". The role of the second rule and the unique qualities of the instrumental and hollow nature of the rule. This optimization scheme also shows the necessity and important value in the function of legal norms. This optimization programme clarifies the implications of the various factors that affect the entry into force of legal acts, as well as between them and the principle of private autonomy, And through the system of "estoppel the cause of the establishment of the elements", it establishes the "elements system" for the legal act to take effect, thus highlighting the decisive effect of the principle of private autonomy on the validity of the legal act, and making the private autonomy obtain the systematic realization.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学民商经济法学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金资助项目(07CFX018) 全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项基金资助项目(FANEDD200705)
【分类号】：D90

【共引文献】